Nitrated phenols in fog

Abstract

Five nitrated phenols and some of their possible photochemical precursors as phenol, cresol and nitrate were identified in fog water from northeastern Bavaria. The concentrations in a rural and an urban area are presented, and the relationships observed between several of the compounds are discussed in terms of gas phase formation mechanisms. The levels of the nitrated phenols (5–300 nmoleℓ −1) and phenol (<10–1000 nmoleℓ −1) in fog were higher than the concentrations reported for rain.