Abstract
An electrochemically-active high-temperature form of LiCoO2 (HT-LiCoO2) is prepared by thermally decomposing its constituent metal-nitrates at 700 ºC. The synthetic conditions have been optimized to achieve improved performance with the HT-LiCoO2 cathode in Li-ion batteries. For this purpose, the synthesized materials have been characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and galvanostatic charge-discharge cycling. Cathodes comprising HT-LiCoO2 exhibit a specific capacity of 140 mAhg-1 with good capacity-retention over several charge-discharge cycles in the voltage range between 3.5 V and 4.2 V, and can sustain improved rate capability in contrast to a cathode constituting LiCoO2 prepared by conventional ceramic method. The nitrate-melt-decomposition method is also found effective for synthesizing Mg-/Al- doped HT-LiCoO2; these also are investigated as cathode materials for Li-ion batteries.
Highlights
Lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2) remains the most exploited cathode material for commercial Li-ion batteries [1]
Electrochemical performance of LiCoO2 greatly depends on its crystallographic structure, as it exists in two different modifications, namely the high-temperature (HT) phase, crystallizing in an ideal layered-structure isomorphic to α-NaFeO2 with ordered cobalt and lithium ions resulting in hexagonal sheets of Li+- and Co3+- ions in alternate layers of (111) planes [5], and the lowtemperature (LT) phase with spinel-like structure with about 6 % of Co3+ ions located at lithium sites [6]
We have demonstrated that nitrate-melt-decomposition route leads to electrochemically active pristine and doped LiCoO2
Summary
Lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2) remains the most exploited cathode material for commercial Li-ion batteries [1]. Various synthetic methods, such as ceramic method [9], oxalate method [10], hydroxide precipitation method [11], sol-gel method [12], molten salt method [13], hydrothermal method [14], template method [15], spray pyrolysis [16], polymer pyrolysis method [17], Pechini method [18] and combustion method [19], have been attempted in the literature for realizing electrochemically active LiCoO2 This communication reports a rapid synthesis of LiCoO2 cathode material with high specificcapacity for Li-ion batteries. The method is simple and cost-effective for bulk synthesis of HT-LiCoO2
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