Abstract
Root plasticity is an important trait for plants to forage nutrient and adapt to survival in a complicated environment. Lateral roots (LRs) are generally more sensitive than primary roots in response to changing environmental conditions. As the main source of nitrogen for most higher plants, nitrate acting as a signal has received great attention in the regulation of LR development. In general, there are dual effects including stimulatory and inhibitory of low nitrate on LR development; while high nitrate supply has an inhibitory effect on LR development; nitrate heterogeneity also has a stimulatory effect on LR development in - rich zone. Here, we focus on recent progresses in the role of a nitrate signal in the regulation of the LRs development.
Highlights
Nitrogen (N) is the most essential macronutrient for plant growth
These findings suggested that AGL21 positively regulated Lateral roots (LRs) development by enhancing local auxin biosynthesis in LR primordia and LRs
To further explore the members involved in this signaling pathway, we found a recent study on a monocotsspecific miRNA, which could target ANR1 homologous genes and affect LR elongation
Summary
Plants can absorb various forms of nitrogen, including nitrate (NO−3 ), ammonium (NH+4 ) and organic amino acid/peptides from soil. In addition to its role as nutrient, nitrate has been proved to act as a signal regulating many physiological processes. It could regulate root systems architecture (RSA), promote floral induction, and relieve seed dormancy in plants (Zhang et al, 1999; Palenchar et al, 2004; Wang et al, 2004; Remans et al, 2006; Marín et al, 2011). For better understanding, the developmental process of LR is summarized into three stages, including initiation, emergence (formation) and elongation.
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