NIRS-Derived Muscle-Deoxygenation and Microvascular Reactivity During Occlusion–Reperfusion at Rest Are Associated With Whole-Body Aerobic Fitness

Abstract

ABSTRACT Purpose: Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) indices during arterial occlusion–reperfusion maneuver have been used to examine the muscle’s oxidative metabolism and microvascular function—important determinants of whole-body aerobic-fitness. The association of NIRS-derived parameters with whole-body VO2max was previously examined using a method requiring exercise (or electrical stimulation) followed by multiple arterial occlusions. We examined whether NIRS-derived indices of muscle deoxygenation and microvascular reactivity assessed during a single occlusion–reperfusion at rest are (a) associated with maximal/submaximal indices of whole-body aerobic-fitness and (b) could discriminate individuals with different VO2max. We, also, investigated which NIRS-parameter during occlusion–reperfusion correlates best with whole-body aerobic-fitness. Methods: Twenty-five young individuals performed an arterial occlusion–reperfusion at rest. Changes in oxygenated- and deoxygenated-hemoglobin (O2Hb and HHb, respectively) in vastus-lateralis were monitored; adipose tissue thickness (ATT) at NIRS-application was assessed. Participants also underwent a maximal incremental exercise test for VO2max, maximal aerobic velocity (MAV), and ventilatory-thresholds (VTs) assessments. Results: The HHbslope and HHbmagnitude of increase (occlusion-phase) and O2Hbmagnitude of increase (reperfusion-phase) were strongly correlated with VO2max (r = .695–.763, p < .001) and moderately with MAV (r = .468–.530; p < .05). O2Hbmagnitude was moderately correlated with VTs (r = .399–.414; p < .05). After controlling for ATT, the correlations remained significant for VO2max (r = .672–.704; p < .001) and MAV (r = .407; p < .05). Individuals in the high percentiles after median and tritile splits for HHbslope and O2Hbmagnitude had significantly greater VO2max vs. those in low percentiles (p < .01–.05). The HHbslope during occlusion was the best predictor of VO2max. Conclusion: NIRS-derived muscle deoxygenation/reoxygenation indices during a single arterial occlusion–reperfusion maneuver are strongly associated with whole-body maximal indices of aerobic-fitness (VO2max, MAV) and may discriminate individuals with different VO2max.