Nigella Sativa’s Protection Against 7,12 Dimethylbenz [A] Anthracene -Induced Colon Carcinogenesis in Rats

Iskandar Sobri,Heny Ekowati,Firster Nugroho

doi:10.20884/1.jm.2021.16.3.734

Abstract

Colon cancer is the third most common cause of death from cancer worldwide. Recently, natural products have been widely used as an alternative therapy for colon cancer. Previous studies have reported that Nigella sativa has chemopreventive activity in vitro and in vivo.This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Nigella sativa seed (NSS) on rat-colon cell after initiation of 7,12-dimethylbenz [a] anthracene. Rats were divided into five groups, 12 rats in each group: Group I was given 7,12dimetilbenz [a] anthracene (DMBA) orally 20 mg/kgBW twice a week for five weeks, group V is the solvent control group was given corn oil. The other three groups were given DMBA + NSS, at the dosage of 250 mg/kgBW, 500 mg/kgBW and 750 mg/kgBW. NSS extract was dissolved in corn oil and administered daily per oral during the next two weeks before and during the initiation of DMBA. After 16 weeks, all rats were sacrificed. H&E staining showed that necrosis activity was lower in treated groups compared to DMBA group. AgNOR staining showed mAgNOR was significantly decrease following the increasing dose of NSS (250 mg/kgBW, 500 mg/kgBW and 750 mg/kgBW) were subsequently 1.62 ± 0.086, 1.60 ± 0.101 and 1.39 ± 0.049 (p<0.05). The results showed that NNS reduce the damage of colon cells and inhibit colon cell proliferation in DMBA induced rats.

Highlights

Cancer is the second most common cause of death in the United States
Petroleum ether is a non-polar solvent used to attract non-polar compounds such as wax, fat and lipids which can interfere during the separation process
After the filtrate macerated with petroleum ether, macerate aerated and macerated with chloroform for 3 x 24 h

Summary

Introduction

Cancer is the second most common cause of death in the United States. In 2016, there were 9,678 new incidence of colon cancer, 6-7 people in 100,000 population died (Chu, 2018). Analyzing of active compounds in fractions using GC-MS method obtained linoleic acid (55.6%), oleic acid (23.4%), palmitic acid (12.5%) and tryptamine (0.01%) in the chloroform extract of N. sativa seed (Ekowati, Rahmani & Rastuti, 2011). The chloroform extract of N. sativa has cytotoxic activity on breast cancer T47D cells with IC50 of 124 μg/mL (Ekowati et al, 2011).

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