Abstract
For the reborn country in 1918, obtaining adequate revenues was necessary to maintain independence, particularly in relation to the cost of rebuilding the country’s military. The basic issue here was determining the shape of taxation imposed on the citizens. Income tax distinguished itself among other direct taxes as, hitherto, it was unknown in the territories of the former Russian partition, i.e. in the largest part of the country. The controversy it created was not aroused by the fact of introducing the new tax (it was widely supported by political elites) but rather by the solutions adopted regarding the application of tax thresholds and exemptions; serving to clearly illustrate the problems and dilemmas associated with creating an economic and social policy in the new Poland.
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