Abstract
Around the whole world, smoking is considered harmful to human health, such as increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD, such as coronary heart disease and stroke) and lung cancer. The purpose of this study was to explore whether nicotine, the main component of tobacco, has adverse effects on heart rate variability (HRV) in adolescents, so as to remind adolescents not to smoke and not to take pleasure in abusing nicotine. In this study, 40 male and 40 female young healthy nonsmoking subjects were selected to analyze the changes of HRV after taking 4 mg nicotine orally. We found that nicotine reduced HRV in young healthy male and female subjects, and there was no gender difference in this effect (P > 0.05). In conclusion, smoking is harmful to the cardiac system of young people, especially when nicotine content ≥4 mg dosage.
Highlights
Smoking is an important and well-established risk factor for cardiovascular disease
BioMed Research International native place of Henan Province, 40 males (19:48 ± 1:52 yrs, 57:50 ± 5:09 kg, 19:24 ± 1:28 kg/ms2) and 40 age, weight, and BMI matched females (19:87 ± 1:47 yrs, 55:14 ± 5:97 kg, 20:48 ± 1:70 kg/ms2) aged between 18 and 22 yrs, weighted 42-65 kg, with body mass index (BMI) within 18-23.5 kg/ ms2, were recruited. All these adolescents had never suffered from cardiovascular disease, no implanted cardiac pacemaker, no hypertension, no hypotension, no diabetes, no allergy to nicotine, no any medication during or a week before the experiment, and avoid the female if she was in the menstrual period during the experiment
Nicotine can enter the body in many ways, such as smoke inhalation, ingestion, transdermal patch, and intranasal spray
Summary
Smoking is an important and well-established risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Poisonous alkaloid, derived from the tobacco plant. It is the substance in tobacco to which smoker can become addicted. Nicotine is thought to be harmful to human’s health, people still use nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), especially Nicabate CQ lozenge, for smoking cessation as it is effective in quitting smoking. The response of nicotine is fast and excitatory in nature. The intake of nicotine will produce similar effects as smoking that increases the sympathetic activity to cause rapid heartbeat, increased blood pressure, rapid shallow breathing, hyperglycemia, and increased level of bad cholesterol-LDL [1]
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