Abstract
Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) has been identified to be associated with tumorigenesis and the malignant transformation of numerous types of cancer. The aim of the present study was to explore the expression and prognostic significance of NNMT in prostate cancer (PCa). Immunohistochemical NNMT expression was examined in 26 cases of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), 18 cases of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) and 120 cases of PCa. While rarely expressed in BPH (8/26 cases; 30.8%), NNMT was found to be significantly upregulated in HGPIN (15/18 cases; 83.3%) and PCa (77/120 cases; 64.2%). Clinicopathological analysis revealed that NNMT expression was negatively correlated with Gleason score (P<0.001). Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed that high NNMT expression was associated with prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) times in patients with advanced PCa. Multivariate analysis showed that NNMT was an independent prognostic marker of PFS and OS in patients with advanced PCa. The results of the present study suggested that NNMT may contribute to the development of PCa and may potentially be a favorable prognostic marker for the survival of patients with advanced PCa.
Highlights
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most commonly diagnosed form of cancer and the sixth leading cause of cancer‐related mortality among males worldwide [1]
Primary PCa tissues were obtained by biopsy (84 cases) or radical prostatectomy (36 cases), high‐grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) tissues were obtained by biopsy (18 cases) and benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) tissues were obtained from suprapubic prostatectomy (26 cases)
While the majority of BPH cases (18/26; 69.2%) exhibited absent or extremely weak Nicotinamide N‐methyltransferase (NNMT) expression, NNMT was significantly upregulated in the HGPIN (15/18; 83.3%) and PCa (77/120; 64.2%) tissues, when using an IR score of 4 as a cutoff (Figs. 1 and 2A)
Summary
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most commonly diagnosed form of cancer and the sixth leading cause of cancer‐related mortality among males worldwide [1]. For The identification of additional molecular markers is required to improve the screening criteria, diagnosis and prognosis of PCa
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