Abstract
The influence of three nitrogen salts: NH4NO3, KNO3 and NH4Cl on wheat in vitro cultures was investigated. Both NO 3 − and NH 4 + ions were indispensable for proliferation of embryogenic calli and development of wheat somatic embryos. It is possible to obtain wheat somatic embryos when the medium is enriched with NH4NO3 only as a source of inorganic nitrogen. The results of the statistical analysis showed that the level of NH4NO3 and KNO3 in the medium had a great influence on the efficiency of somatic embryogenesis. We observed tendency that calli on media containing 50 mM NH4NO3 and 0 to 20 mM KNO3 turned out to be more embryogenic than on control MS medium. High concentrations of KNO3- 100 mM inhibited somatic embryogenesis, while 100 mM NH4NO3 did not. The level of total N did not have significant influence on wheat somatic embryogenesis. Ratio NO 3 − :NH 4 + also turned out to be not substantial. We observed that mutual connection of concentration levels between NH4NO3 and KNO3 and between NH4Cl and KNO3 was more important. The efficiency of somatic embriogenesis obtained in the experiment with NH4Cl and KNO3 was significantly lower than in experiment with NH4NO3 and KNO3.
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