Abstract
The current energy demand increases every day and the deficit of electricity generation in Colombia due to technical aspects such as the lack of generation infrastructure, cost overruns in the construction projects of new plants and environmental variability as a consequence of climate change, entail a high risk of energy rationing; for this reason some of the users, whether industrial or residential, have decided to seek multiple alternatives to reduce the costs of their billing in interconnected areas and even supply their energy needs.Among these alternatives is found solar energy in its thermal and photovoltaic use, a resource that must be characterized in order to determine the technical and budgetary aspects involved in the implementation of profitable energy generation projects. This article seeks to provide technical tools for the design and implementation of generation projects based on solar energy, providing physical-mathematical approach based in the classical Angström-Prescott model that allow engineers and researchers to model the global solar radiation on the Earth’s surface in order to maximize the use of this resource in a specific geographical location.Although there are different ways to characterize the solar resource on the earth’s surface, this paper presents a review study focused on the most important global solar radiation estimation models present in the literature.
Highlights
The medium-term depletion of traditional energy sources and the need to develop technologies whose impact on the environment is progressively lower, is the motive of the presented article
Glower y McCulloch Model: In addition to the variables already established in theAngstrom-Prescott model, this new model takes into account the latitude of the site, which is symbolized as φ and is valid as long as it is less than 60◦ [21], and is represented as follows: H
These models assume that the difference between the maximum temperature (Tmax) and the minimum temperature (Tmin) is directly related to the extraterrestrial solar radiation received at the surface, since the temperature variable includes radiation, humidity, cloudiness, latitude and topography of the study site, see [17], like the model the Bristow-Campbell model
Summary
The medium-term depletion of traditional energy sources (fossil fuels) and the need to develop technologies whose impact on the environment is progressively lower, is the motive of the presented article. 3. ̊Angstrom-Prescott Model It is a linear model based on the relationship between the global radiation measured over the surface, and the solar brightness, the number of hours where direct radiation can be produce shade. It determines the the slope and intercept, which are obtained from an estimated regression of data from historical series of the two physical variables [19]. Some of the models that have been obtained from the corrections to theAngstrom-Prescott model are listed as follows
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