Nghiên cứu tỷ lệ phân bố các loài Nontuberculous mycobacteria phân lập được tại bệnh viện 74 Trung ương bằng phương pháp giải trình tự gen hsp65

Abstract

In recent years, the burden of nontuberculous mycobacteria pulmonary disease has increased worldwide. Nontuberculous mycobacteria - NTM infection is often misdiagnosed with Mycobacterium tuberculosis - MTB because of their similar clinical manifestations and preclinical manifestations. For MTB, the National Tuberculosis Program and the Ministry of Health (Vietnam) have a standard treatment regimen, while for NTM, an individualized treatment regimen based on infectious NTM species. Therefore, accurate identification of the causative NTM species can help clinicians choosing an effective treatment regimen. Among 122 suspected NTM samples collected at National Hospital 74, we successfully identified 115 strains belonging to NTM. Analytical DNA sequences, building phylogenetic trees were analyzed by Bioedit, ClustalX2, and MEGA-X software; comparing and identifying reference species from gene bank were used BLAST-NCBI. Slow-growing mycobacteria accounted for 61.7%, consists of Mycobacterium avium complex (37.4%), Mycobacterium lentiflavum (7.0%), Mycobacterium simiae (7.0%), Mycobacterium gordonae complex (5.2%) and other species less than 2.0%. The detection rate of rapid-growing mycobacteria was 38.3% including Mycobacterium abscessus complex (31.3%), and Mycobacterium fortuitum (7.0%). The most prevalent NTM species belonged to Mycobacterium avium complex and Mycobacterium abscessus complex (68.7%). The proportion of NTM infection in patients 50 years and older is 2.3 times higher than in patients under 50 years. This proportion is 5 times higher in females while there is no significant difference in males.