Nghiên cứu đánh giá đáp ứng miễn dịch sau tiêm vắc xin phòng Covid- 19 của Oxford-Astrazeneca bằng hai phương pháp xét nghiệm phát hiện kháng thể IgG kháng protein S của SARS-CoV-2 và kháng thể trung hòa vi rút

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 is a dangerous pandemic affecting humanity from 2019 to the present. Currently, there is no specific treatment for the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus. Therefore, vaccines are an effective method to control and prevent diseases. To assess the immune response following vaccination against COVID-19, Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody and neutralizing antibodies levels were measured in 50 volunteers aged 18 to 69, at the time before vaccination including; 28 days after the first dose, 28 days and 6 months after the 2nd dose of Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine. In this analysis, IgG antibody was detected in all samples at 28 days after the first dose of vaccine, the geometric mean IgG levels were 229.3± 155.9 IU/ml. The aniti-spike IgG leved peaked 28 days of the second dose vaccination: the mean IgG levels were 800.3± 991.3 IU/ml. After 6 months from the day of the second injection, IgG level was 297.7± 299.2 IU/ml. The highest level of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) was also at 28 days after the second injection with the average value 686.7± 466.8 IU/ml. After 6 months of the second injection, the NAbs level remained 275.8± 246.2 IU/ml. Thus, after receiving two doses of the vaccine, 98% of the study participants produced antibodies specific to SARS-CoV-2 and maintained antibodies after 6 months.