Abstract

The transportation of human beings from one location to the other could play a crucial role in the transmission of infectious diseases which could result in a major epidemic such as Tuberculosis, Ebola, Covid-19, and others that are currently invading the nations of the world. Concerning the high poverty level, much concentration on livestock farming, open grazing, rising urbanization, and globalization, the human being is exposed to more infectious diseases that can be transited and transmitted. The transmission of infectious diseases can be in the form of a chain; some are imported from high-risk countries and contacted by friends and families which will later spread into the larger society. It can also be contacted through imported livestock which will later spread among other animals and be contacted by a human. Importation of infectious diseases is not only applicable to humans but animals. Findings from the empirical studies reviewed show that a close nexus between urban mobility and the transmission of infectious diseases. To ensure adequate health safety, it is recommended that regional as well as international complementarity of trade should be checked such that high-risk countries should be banned from participating in trade with other low-risk countries; preventive measures should be enforced without any form of sentiment, human being should minimize or reduce traveling.

Highlights

  • Just as the significance of mobility cannot be far-fetched from or beyond economic purposes, social integration and spatial interaction for people, goods, and services, so is the significance of health for the users of mobility

  • Apart from the person-to-person transmission, some are transmitted by insects to human beings, animals to human beings, insects to animals, and animals to animals.The role of mobility in the spread of infectious diseases cannot be overemphasized as it is evident since ancient times

  • Infectious diseases are diseases that have recently increased in occurrence, incidence, and geographical spread (Metcalf and Lessler, 2017). This is more evident since the end of the 20th century and its occurrence has become a major pandemic to global health (Fauci and Morens, 2012). These diseases are evident in recent times because of the following reasons: a) The presence of new-fangled agents such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus-SARSCoV- (2003), HIV-1, avian influenza virus H5N1(2005), H1N1 (2009), poliovirus (2014), Ebola virus (2014); b) The level of geographical spread such as Dengue, West Nile, Zika viruses, and Chikungunya; c) Acquisition of resistance such as Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases -ESBL- or carbapenemaseproducing Enterobacteriaceae and multidrug-resistant-MDR- tuberculosis d) The rising trend of infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, HIV, and other plagues; e) Modification of virulence such as Neisseria meningitides

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Summary

Introduction

Just as the significance of mobility cannot be far-fetched from or beyond economic purposes, social integration and spatial interaction for people, goods, and services, so is the significance of health for the users of mobility. Infectious diseases are diseases that have recently increased in occurrence, incidence, and geographical spread (Metcalf and Lessler, 2017) This is more evident since the end of the 20th century and its occurrence has become a major pandemic to global health (Fauci and Morens, 2012). These diseases are evident in recent times because of the following reasons: a) The presence of new-fangled agents such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus-SARSCoV- (2003), HIV-1, avian influenza virus H5N1(2005), H1N1 (2009), poliovirus (2014), Ebola virus (2014); b) The level of geographical spread such as Dengue, West Nile, Zika viruses, and Chikungunya; c) Acquisition of resistance such as Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases -ESBL- or carbapenemaseproducing Enterobacteriaceae and multidrug-resistant-MDR- tuberculosis d) The rising trend of infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, HIV, and other plagues; e) Modification of virulence such as Neisseria meningitides. It is believed that this study will explore different studies and establish fact based on previous findings on the impact of mobility on the transmission of infectious diseases

Review of Relevant Literature
Major Findings
Conclusion

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