Nexus between ECO-Innovation, Human Development and CO2 Emissions

Abstract

Climate change and environmental issues have become increasingly acute in recent decades, raising global concerns about environmental sustainability. In this context, eco-innovation has become an indispensable component of the efforts to undertake these challenges and build a more sustainable future. This research focuses on analysing the relationship between the eco-innovation index, the human development index (HDI), greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, CO2 emissions per capita in European Union member states, for the period 2013-2021. Adopting statistical analysis, particularly the Pearson correlation coefficient, the research examines the relation between these variables. The findings shed light on the complex dynamics between eco-innovation, human development, economic indicators, and environmental factors, providing valuable insights for policy makers, researchers who want to deal with sustainability challenges and promote inclusive growth.