NEXT-GENERATION SEQUENCING AND ITS DATA ANALYSIS

Abstract

Next-generation sequencing and its data analysis play a major role in solving biological problems and giving rise to new inventions or solutions. NGS performs sequencing of millions and millions of reads parallelly and provides a clear idea about the nucleotide organization of the genome. This rules out the presence of mutations, genetic disorders, cancer, etc. Next-generation sequencing data are high throughput, which becomes a challenge to handle as well as its need to be analyzed. The information about the sequenced genome provided by the sequencer is given to the user (Bioinformatician)in the form of binary format. Handling different file formats in NGS data analysis is a task. There are many file formats that store this sequenced information and make the workflow smooth. Numerous software tools are available that help the user carry out the workflow efficiently. Applications in this field are vast and are used for Human Microbiome studies, Novel pathogen by De Novo Techniques, It can sequence the whole genome rapidly and analyze many reads at a time, helps in the study of rare somatic variants, and mutations, analyze epigenetic factors, sequence target genomes deeply and so on. NGS data analysis not only analyses DNA-Seq it also performs RNA-Seq data analysis, detection of rare variants, and ChIP-Seq data are some of the data sets. Let us unravel the process of NGS data analysis and its applications.