Abstract
Drought is a major threat to coffee, compromising the quality and quantity of its production. We have analyzed the core proteome of 18 Coffea canephora cv. Conilon Clone 153 and C. arabica cv. Icatu plants and assessed their responses to moderate (MWD) and severe (SWD) water deficits. Label-free quantitative shotgun proteomics identified 3000 proteins in both genotypes, but less than 0.8% contributed to ca. 20% of proteome biomass. Proteomic changes were dependent on the severity of drought, being stronger under SWD and with an enrolment of different proteins, functions, and pathways than under MWD. The two genotypes displayed stress-responsive proteins under SWD, but only C. arabica showed a higher abundance of proteins involved in antioxidant detoxification activities. Overall, the impact of MWD was minor in the two genotypes, contrary to previous studies. In contrast, an extensive proteomic response was found under SWD, with C. arabica having a greater potential for acclimation/resilience than C. canephora. This is likely supported by a wider antioxidative response and an ability to repair photosynthetic structures, being crucial to develop new elite genotypes that assure coffee supply under water scarcity levels.
Highlights
Drought is one of the major environmental constraints affecting plant growth and crop yield [1,2,3]
Icatu) and provides novel information regarding the changes in their proteomic profiles in response to water deficit
Results showed that the impact of MWD was almost absent in the proteome, in agreement with the physiological tolerance previously reported at this drought level for clone 153 (CL153) and Icatu [20]
Summary
Drought is one of the major environmental constraints affecting plant growth and crop yield [1,2,3]. Coffea arabica is by far the most significant in the global coffee production, but it is considered more sensitive to elevated temperatures than C. canephora [27,28,29] Both inadequate temperatures and water availability conditions are the main environmental constraints to plant development and production [27]. This study uses a label-free proteomic approach to deepen the knowledge regarding the underlying mechanisms by which two cropped genotypes of the two mostly cultivated Coffea species respond to moderate and severe water deficits To achieve this aim, we used two different genotypes: C. canephora cv. This is the first in-depth proteomic analysis that has been presented for coffee, establishing the core proteome of C. canephora and C. arabica genotypes, and providing new and timely insights of the coffee’s performance under future climate scenarios, contributing to the selection of new elite coffee genotypes
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