Next generation bio-derived 3D-hierarchical porous material for remarkable hydrogen storage – A brief critical review

Abstract

Today's scientific professionals face the challenge of meeting the ever-growing demand for hydrogen fuel. Hydrogen stands as a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative. This fuel is inherently lightweight and gaseous Which present challenges in its production, transportation, and storage. Hydrogen fuel can be stored using different storage methods which have merits and demerits. Hydrogen can be stored by conventional methods and also using the next generation materials, i.e., pressurized gas, liquid nitrogen at cryogenic temperature, chemical method storage in the metal hydride, and adsorption on carbon material. According to various researches, carbon material has been stated as a novel, emerging and next-generation material for storing hydrogen. Hierarchical carbon having modified 3-dimensional structure and multimodal pore can be prepared from different chemically or catalytically activation processes. The best-suited carbon material for hydrogen storage has a high specific surface area of 2000–3000 m2/g and also high interconnectivity of pore. In this review paper, the various hydrogen storage methods and performance of carbon materials for hydrogen storage at different pressure and temperature are reviewed. The utilization of carbon for hydrogen storage represents a prominent technology in addressing the obstacles linked with the use of hydrogen.