Abstract
Sporopollenin-mediated control drug delivery has been studied extensively owing to its desirable physicochemical and biological properties. Herein, sporopollenin was successfully extracted from C. libani and P. nigra pollens followed by loading of a commonly known anticancer drug Oxaliplatin. Drug loading and physicochemical features were confirmed by using light microscopy, FT-IR, SEM and TGA. For the first-time, real-time cell analyzer system xCELLigence was employed to record the Oxaliplatin loaded sporopollenin-mediated cell death (CaCo-2 and Vero cells) in real time. Both the release assays confirmed the slow release of oxaliplatin from sporopollenin for around 40–45 h. The expression of MYC and FOXO-3 genes has been significantly increased in CaCo2 cell and decreased non-cancerous Vero cell confirming the fact that sporopollenin-mediated control release of oxaliplatin is promoting apoptosis cell death preventing the spread of negative effects on nearby healthy cells. All the results suggested that C. libani and P. nigra can be suitable candidates for the slow delivery of drugs.
Highlights
Designing and producing drug carrier systems for slow and targeted release to prevent premature burst release of the content in the bloodstream represent an ever-evolving research and application area in biomedical science [1,2,3,4]
The peaks intensified in the region of 12451500 cm−1 because of the drug molecules. These results showed that the drug had been successfully loaded onto Cedrus libani raw pollen (CD)-SP and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy analysis
The results demonstrated that the increased expression level of these genes induced apoptosis
Summary
Designing and producing drug carrier systems for slow and targeted release to prevent premature burst release of the content in the bloodstream represent an ever-evolving research and application area in biomedical science [1,2,3,4]. Obtaining nanocarriers with the desired geometry and functional properties requires expensive processes and a longer time [14]. In this regard, the quest has been underway for producing alternative macro/nano/microcarriers that offer several similar properties such as being non-toxic, nonreactive with load, economical, and biodegradable. A variety of biomaterials are already present that have the application capabilities in different fields. These natural materials have evolved over a longer period, ensuring their own fidelity and physicochemical properties. Pollen comes with excellent features such as excellent elasticity, size uniformity, homogeneity in pore sizes, physically and chemically resistant, UV shielding ability, and antioxidant ability [15, 16]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
