Abstract
AbstractNitroimidazoles are radiosensitizers and hypoxia detecting chemosensitizers. Intially nitroimidazoles were single dose antibiotic drugs. Recently, nitroimidazole derivatives have emerged as multifunctional “drug-biomarker monitors” chemical compounds with importance in treatment of tumors, monitoring hypoxia and safer imaging contrast agents to monitor the therapeutic progress. Additionally, the number of nitroimidazole derivatives is growing and identified their importance as multifunctional nanoparticles. The nanoparticle synthesis scheme of nitroimidazole was proposed as nitroimidazole caged with paramagnetic metal oxide inside polymer coating and labeled with marker radiolebels or biomolecules. We report the step by step user-friendly new co-precipitation schemes of nitroimidazole carrier nanoparticles with their mechanisms of drug controlled release behavior across polymer cage, metal oxide sensitivity to imaging modalities and polymer coating chemistry developed at our lab. The multifunctional nitroimidazole nanoparticles were useful in detection and monitoring of hypoxia, cancer chemotherapy and soft tissue infections. In conclusion, nitroimidazoles are potential multifunctional molecules useful in chemotherapy, antiparasitic and monitoring hypoxia with greater possibility of simultaneous use of radiolabeled 2’nitroimidazoles as radiosensitizers, MRI-PET-US contrast imaging agents.
Highlights
The coprecipitation methods were used in our center since the inception of innovative development at center of nanomagnetics and biotechnology using Bang’s manual initially and over years the technology was modified for different nanoparticles for various purposes [1]
A CP-A film consisting of a chitosan top layer and sodium alginate sublayer was synthesized and separated by an ornidazole(nitroimidazole)incorporated poly(vinyl alcohol) layer [4]
Nitroimidazole polymer complexes as hydrogels, beads used as colon targeted drug delivery systems is emerging [1,3,6,11,13,14,15,17,22]
Summary
2’nitroimidazole compounds and analogs are becoming state of art radiosensitizers and chemosensitizers in cancer prevention and management. Apart from their newly discovered antitumor properties 2’ nitroimidazoles had been proven antiparasitic drugs. Their toxicity was remained a major issue as they showed strong DNA breaking properties by direct DNA binding and coupling with DNA strands and it caused skepticism of nitroimidazole acceptability as safe choice of noncancer therapeutic value.
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