New tools for Aedes control: mass trapping.

Abstract

Aedes aegypti, the main vector of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses uses artificial containers around homes to undergo immature development, making household-level detection and control extremely difficult in large urban areas. Mass trapping is an emerging methodology to control container-Aedes species such as Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus because effective traps for adult stages of these mosquitoes were developed recently. There are three main approaches to mass-trapping these mosquitoes: 1) Pull (attract/kill), 2) push (repel)-pull (attract/kill), and 3) pull (attract/contaminate/infect)-push (fly away). Effective mass-trapping depends on trap quality (capture efficiency, sturdiness, frequency of servicing), trap density and areal coverage, community involvement, and safety. Recent studies showed that Ae. aegypti populations can be sustainably controlled by mass trapping, although more area-wide studies showing effectiveness at preventing disease are needed for all trapping systems. Cost-effectiveness studies are needed for all emerging Aedes control approaches.