New Taxa of the Family Amniculicolaceae (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes, Ascomycota) from Freshwater Habitats in Spain.

Abstract

With the exception of the so-called Ingoldian fungi, the diversity and distribution of the freshwater aero-aquatic or facultative fungi are not well known in Spain. In view of that, we collected and placed into wet chambers 105 samples of submerged and decomposing plant debris from various places in Spain, looking for individuals belonging to these latter two morpho-ecological groups of fungi. As a result, we found and isolated in pure culture several fungi, the morphology of some of them belonging to the family Amniculicolaceae (order Pleosporales, class Dothideomycetes). After a careful phenotypic characterization and a phylogenetic tree reconstruction using a concatenated sequence dataset of D1-D2 domains of the 28S nrRNA gene (LSU), the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) of the nrDNA, and a fragment of the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1) gene, we report the finding of three new species of the genus Murispora: Murispora navicularispora, which produces cinnamon-colored, broadly fusiform to navicular ascospores; Murispora fissilispora, which has as a remarkable characteristic the production of both sexual and asexual morphs in vitro; and Murispora asexualis, the unique species of the genus that lacks a sexual morph. As a consequence of the phylogenetic study, we introduce the new aero-aquatic genus Fouskomenomyces, with a new combination (Fouskomenomyces cupreorufescens, formerly Spirosphaera cupreorufescens as the type species of the genus) and a new species, Fouskomenomyces mimiticus; we propose the new combinations Murispora bromicola (formerly Pseudomassariosphaeria bromicola) and Murispora triseptata (formerly Pseudomassariosphaeria triseptata); and we resurrect Massariosphaeria grandispora, which is transferred to the family Lopiostomataceae.