New Species of Lower-Shelf to Upper-Slope Ctenostome Bryozoans from Pacific Japan, with a Family Range Extension.

Abstract

Ctenostome bryozoans were collected from depths of 150-300 m in Suruga Bay, the Kumano Sea, and off Sendai Bay on the Pacific coast of Japan. Among these samples were five new species, three of which were epibiotic on other animals. Alcyonidium clavum n. sp., found encrusting cirri of the stalked crinoid Metacrinus rotundus, was previously reported in Japan as Alcyonidium mamillatum, but differs from the latter in lacking rings on the peristome. Triticella parvacrista n. sp. and Triticella cunabula n. sp. were epibiotic on the isopod Bathynomus doederleini and the pycnogonid Ascorhynchus japonicum, respectively. This is the first record of the genus Triticella from Japanese waters. These species differ from previously described species in autozooidal morphology, particularly the dimensions of the autozooidal dilatation, in the presence or absence of the frenaculum, and in the septate junction between the dilatation and pedicel. Bockiella arcatumida n. sp., found as erect colonies on pebbles and hydroids collected off Sendai Bay, differs from previously known species in the size and arrangement of the kenozoids in the branch. Metalcyonidium morum n. sp., collected southwest of the Izu Peninsula, occurred as small colonies having a peduncle of short kenozooids. This is the first record from the northwestern Pacific for both the genus Metalcyonidium and the family Clavoporidae. Metalcyonidium morum n. sp differs from Metalcyonidium gautieri, the only other species known in the genus, in having the capitulum divided into two parts, and in the length of the kenozooids comprising the peduncle.