Abstract
ABSTRACT A new species of Curimatopsis is described from the highlands of the western Guiana Shield in the río Carapo and río Paragua, tributaries of the río Caroni in the Orinoco basin, southeastern Venezuela. The new species belongs to the Curimatopsis macrolepis clade due to its possession of a long lower jaw that projects past the anterior margin of the upper jaw, and separate first and second hypurals. The new species is diagnosed from remaining species of the Curimatopsis macrolepis clade by having a small-sized inconspicuous dark spot on the midlateral surface of the caudal peduncle, by details of body and fin pigmentation, and by additional morphometric characters. The distribution of C. macrolepis in the Amazon and Orinoco basins is updated based on the examination of museum specimens.
Highlights
The 115 extant species of the Neotropical fish family Curimatidae (Fricke et al, 2020) are broadly distributed in all major river systems of South America, Panama and Costa Rica (Vari, 2003)
C. sabana is recommended to be categorized as Least Concern (LC) under the categories and criteria of the International Union for Conservation Nature (IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee, 2019)
Curimatopsis sabana is hypothesized to be a member of the C. macrolepis clade on the basis of one synapomorphy: the possession of an elongate lower jaw that projects past the anterior margin of the upper jaw (Vari, 1982, 1989)
Summary
The 115 extant species of the Neotropical fish family Curimatidae (Fricke et al, 2020) are broadly distributed in all major river systems of South America, Panama and Costa Rica (Vari, 2003). Those species are currently assigned to eight genera: Curimatopsis Steindachner, 1876 (10 species), Curimata Bosc, 1817 (13 species), Potamorhina Cope, 1878 (five species), Psectrogaster Eigenmann, Eigenmann, 1889 (eight species), Pseudocurimata Fernández-Yépez, 1948 (six species), Curimatella Eigenmann, Eigenmann, 1889 (five species), Steindachnerina Fowler, 1906 (24 species), and Cyphocharax Fowler, 1906 (44 species). Five species are assigned to each clade distributed along lowlands of the Orinoco, Amazon, and Paraguay river basins, and coastal Atlantic rivers from the Guianas to northeastern Brazil (Vari, 1982; Melo, Oliveira, 2017; Dutra et al, 2018)
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