Abstract
This work is part of a survey of the desmid flora in a tributary of the Itaipu Reservoir, in the state of Parana, Brazil. The objective was to expand the knowledge base regarding the genus Cosmarium (Desmidiaceae, Zygnematophyceae). We conducted a qualitative analysis of 60 samples of phytoplankton, which were collected from along the banks of the Sao Francisco Falso River between July of 2003 and June of 2004. We identified, drew, and described 18 taxa of Cosmarium. Of those 18 taxa, 8 represent new records for the state of Parana: C. angulosum Breb. var. angulosum, C. bireme Nordst. var. bireme, C. clepsydra Nordst. var. clepsydra, C. cf. galeritum Nordst. var. borgei, C. ginzbergeri, C. norimbergense Reinsch var. norimbergense, C. protractum (Nageli) De Bary var. protractum, and C. rectangulare var. hexagonum (Elfving) G.S. West & West.
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