Abstract
In this study, the specimens of land snails Polygyra cereolus (Megerle von Mühlfeldt, 1818) (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Polygyridae) are collected between March and April 2021 from gardens and nurseries in Baghdad province, this species was recorded as a new record to Iraq molluscan fauna. Description of the most important characteristics, measurements of the shell are presented with digital photographs, subsequently this study represents the first record of the Polygyridae in Iraq.
Highlights
Phylum Mollusca has about 100,000 living described species (Hickman et al, 1982), Gastropoda is the largest class of phylum Mollusca, about 40,000 living species belong to it, with six subclasses were recognized in the recent taxonomy of Gastropoda according to Bouchet et al (2017); Stylommatophora, the order of terrestrial Mollusca is one of the subclass heterobranchia which comprises over 15000 described species (Steinbeck, 1945), distributed among 40 families (Myers et al, 2021)
Land snails are poorly studied in Iraq; some records of land families, genera, and species of Iraq are available according to (Pallary, 1939; Germain, 1921; Biggs, 1959)
Many species of the family Helicidae have been recorded from Iraq; this family represents one of the most locally common land snails' families
Summary
Phylum Mollusca has about 100,000 living described species (Hickman et al, 1982), Gastropoda is the largest class of phylum Mollusca, about 40,000 living species belong to it, with six subclasses were recognized in the recent taxonomy of Gastropoda according to Bouchet et al (2017); Stylommatophora, the order of terrestrial Mollusca is one of the subclass heterobranchia which comprises over 15000 described species (Steinbeck, 1945), distributed among 40 families (Myers et al, 2021). Polygyridae Pilsbry, 1895 is a family of terrestrial pulmonate gastropods, belongs to the order Stylommatophora. It includes about 23 genera with 230 species, their size of species are ranging between 4-44 mm with globose shell, keeled or flattened (Pereze, 2008); and characterized by their thick ended reflected lip or. New record of the land snail peristome when reach sexual maturity (Webb, 1960). Their peristome may have 1-3 teeth, polygyrids active in moist conditions and some species burrow deep in soil during drought, and this family is widespread in North America (Pereze, 2008). Specimens' collection Snail specimens (n=35) were collected by direct hand picking from some gardens and nurseries in Baghdad province from the period between March and April 2021, at a temperature ranging between (23 ̊c-33 ̊c) snails are found at the soil surface of irrigated seedlings of Rosa sp., citrus and ornamental rose, and near shrubs in the gardens (Tab., Pl. 1)
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