Abstract
Serpocaulon triseriale (Sw.) A.R. Sm. is considered the most widespread species in the genus. It has been recorded from south of Mexico to Bolivia, Paraguay and Brazil. Here, we expand its distribution by reporting a new record from Salta province, Argentina, based on material that was previously misidentified as S. polystichum (Link) A.R. Sm. We compare the S. triseriale and S. polystichum with their relatives (S. attenuatum (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) A.R. Sm., and S. rex Schwartsb. & A.R. Sm.), providing photographs of the plants in the field, SEM images of the spores and light photos of the rhizome scales to discriminate S. rex from S. triseriale. In addition, distributional records are included.
Highlights
Sm. is considered the most widespread species in the genus. It has been recorded from south of Mexico to Bolivia, Paraguay and Brazil
Sm. (Polypodiaceae) is a tropical American fern genus (Smith et al 2006), which presents its highest diversity in the Andes of Colombia (Sanín 2018), Bolivia (Smith et al 2018), and in the Atlantic Rain Forest of Brazil (Labiak and Prado 2008)
After examining Argentine and Brazilian collections of Serpocaulon, we evaluated this possible misidentification and collected data in support that the species recorded in Argentina is not S. polystichum but S. triseriale
Summary
(Fig. 1), the most widely distributed species in the genus (Smith et al 2006, 2018, Sanín 2018), which is known from southern Mexico to Bolivia, Paraguay, and Brazil (Smith et al 2006, 2018) but implicitly not known from Argentina. This species remains without a detailed description of its geographical range. Sm. (Schwartsburd and Smith 2013) from south-central Brazil
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