Abstract

Controlling populations of free-roaming dogs and cats poses a huge challenge worldwide. Non-surgical neutering strategies for male animals have been long pursued, but the implementation of the procedures developed has remained limited to date. As submitting the testes to high temperatures impairs spermatogenesis, the present study investigated localized application of magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia (MNH) to the testicles as a potential non-surgical sterilization method for animals. An intratesticular injection of a magnetic fluid composed of manganese-ferrite nanoparticles functionalized with citrate was administered followed by testicle exposure to an alternate magnetic field to generate localized heat. Testicular MNH was highly effective, causing progressive seminiferous tubule degeneration followed by substitution of the parenchyma with stromal tissue and gonadal atrophy, suggesting an irreversible process with few side effects to general animal health.

Highlights

  • In recent decades, nanotechnology has been substantially introduced into biomedical applications, including reproductive biology and medicine

  • The present study investigated magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia applied locally to the testicles as a possible animal neutering method

  • The results showed that this approach was effective, causing progressive degeneration of seminiferous tubules, followed by substitution of the parenchyma by stromal tissue and gonadal atrophy, suggesting that the process is irreversible

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Summary

Introduction

Nanotechnology has been substantially introduced into biomedical applications, including reproductive biology and medicine. Controlling populations of free-roaming animals, dogs and cats, is a huge challenge worldwide. Such animals pose public health [7] risks as they may transmit diseases to domestic animals and humans [8,9,10]. They are troublesome in urban environments as they spread domestic waste, cause traffic accidents, and attack people, not to mention their potential threat to disrupt the ecological balance by preying on wild animals. On the other hand, is a more humane and

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