New possibilities of therapy of T2-associated diseases

Abstract

New opportunities for the treatment of T2-associated diseases in recent years, the number of patients with atopic dermatitis (ATD), having a moderate and severe form of course, has been increasing. According to research, 30% of the world's population suffer from allergic diseases, such as bronchial asthma (BA), ATD, food allergies, anaphylaxis, chronic polypous rhinosinusitis. The development of these diseases is based on the pathophysiological mechanism of T2-mediated immune inflammation, where cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 play a key role. Diseases based on this type of inflammation belong to the group of T2-associated diseases. Thanks to targeted therapy with dupilumab, which affects the main links of pathogenesis, it is possible to effectively cope with the main manifestations of severe and moderate ATD and BA.
 Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of biological therapy with dupilumab 300 mg subcutaneously for 52 weeks of T2-associated diseases, including a combination of severe ATD and BA, uncontrolled course in a teenager C. (born 2006).
 Materials and methods. The analysis of the medical history of the patient C., born in 2006, who received therapy with dupilumab 300 mg subcutaneously every 2 weeks for 52 weeks with the diagnosis Main: ATD, common form, severe course. Secondary diagnosis: BA, persistent course, uncontrolled, moderate severity. Dynamic monitoring of the total blood count with the calculation of the absolute number of eosinophils in peripheral blood was performed. The allergological examination included the determination of specific IgE-AT to 300 allergens using ALEX2 technology. Criteria for the effectiveness of ATD therapy were evaluated on the SCORAD scale in dynamics, an AST test was used for BA, as well as a study of the function of external respiration before treatment and during therapy.
 Results. The study showed high efficacy and safety of biological therapy with dupilumab 300 mg subcutaneously every 2 weeks for 52 weeks of T2-associated diseases, including a combination of severe ATD and BA, uncontrolled course in patient C. (born in 2006). The conducted allergological examination with the help of the ALEX2 Allergochip made it possible to establish the molecular components of the primary causal allergens, predict the course of an allergic disease, and carry out successful elimination measures against food allergens, preserving the maximum set of nutrients in the patient's diet.
 Conclusion. Therapy with dupilumab 300 mg subcutaneously every 2 weeks for 52 weeks of T2-associated diseases, with manifestations of severe ATD and BA, uncontrolled course leads to clinically significant improvement in the course of diseases, control of symptoms of diseases. ATD shows a decrease in itching of the skin, normalization of sleep, improvement of quality of life. With BA, a significant reduction in exacerbations, normalization of respiratory function indicators, complete control of the disease has been achieved. The targeted biological drug dupilumab has a targeted effect on the key links in the pathogenesis of ATD and BA and reduces the burden of severe diseases. Therefore, the use of dupilumab in ATD and BA contributes to achieving disease control and improving the patient's quality of life.