New possibilities of complex ttreatment of cervical ectropion

Abstract

Introduction. Ectropion of the cervix (EC) is a condition when there is a cicatricial deformity of the uterine cervix (as a result of traumatic injuries) with visualization of the ectopic columnar epithelium on the vaginal part of it. The ectopia is currently classified as a variant of the normal histophysiological state of the cervix. This article discusses the features of the course and methods of treatment of complicated EC.Objective of the study is: to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a new method of complex treatment of CE.Material and methods. In an open prospective study, 133 patients with CE (groups 1 and 2) and 56 healthy women (group 3) has taken part. In group 1 (n = 83), we have used a method for treating CE developed by us, which included two stages: stage I – elimination of microbial and viral pathogen in combination with immunomodulatory therapy, II – electrosurgical treatment (Leep biopsy) and treatment of the cervix with Galavit (100 mg of dry matter) dissolved in 5 ml of Miramistin (Patent for invention RU 2568768 C1). In group 2 (n = 50), surgical treatment of CE has been preceded by vaginal sanitation, empirical antibacterial and antiviral therapy. Diagnostic measures, in addition to standards, have included: determination of interleukins IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 in the discharge of the cervical canal, ultrasound diagnostics with Doppler measurements in the vessels of the central zone of the cervix. Statistica 7.0, SPSS 17 packages have been used for statistical processing.Results and discussion. Before the start of treatment, patients in groups 1 and 2 have been found to have a combination of CE with cervicitis (100%), ASCUS cytological picture (more than 60%), abnormal colposcopic signs (100%), imbalance of the local immune system with a predominance of Th1 cytokines (the content of IL-8 increased 2.6 times; IL-1b – 13 times; IL-6 – 20 times, and IL-10 – in 1.7 times) against the background of increased vascularization and cervical perfusion. The reparative process after Leep biopsy in group 1 has ended by the end of 3 weeks in 65.6% of patients, in group 2 – in 25.5%, after 5 weeks – in 100% and 57.4%, respectively, after 8 – in group 2, 91.5%. The average period of epithelialization of a wound on the cervix in group 1 was 27.4 ± 4.3 days, in group 2 – 39.5 ± 5.6 days (p = 0.01). After 2 years, the recurrence of cervical pathology has been recorded only in group 2 (34.0%).Conclusion. The use of the developed method of two-stage complex therapy for CE increases the effectiveness of treatment, prevents complications after Leep biopsy, accelerates epithelialization by 30.6% and avoids recurrence of the disease.