Abstract
Alkali halides are ionic crystals with face centered cubic structure, optically transparent from the near UV to the IR. Point defects, known as color centers, can be produced by ionizing radiation (X-rays, γ rays, electron beams, etc.) or by chemical treatments, and they colour the crystals, because of broad absorption bands in the visible range. These defects have a characteristic four-level optical system which is generally suitable for the realization of optically pumped tunable solid state lasers with high spectral purity (Δv/v < 10-9), which are used for high resolution spectroscopy and optical fiber signal propagation. Color center lasers usually operate at liquid nitrogen temperature.1
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