Abstract
This paper introduces the first electrochemical approach for the determination of Fexofenadine hydrochloride and Montelukast sodium as a combined form by constructing three new graphite electrodes coated with a polymeric membrane. The first electrode was constructed using ammonium molybdate reagent as an ion pair with fexofenadine cation for the determination of Fexofenadine drug, the second electrode was constructed using cobalt nitrate as an ion pair with montelukast anion for the determination of Montelukast drug, the third electrode was prepared by incorporating the two previously mentioned ion pairs in the same graphite sensor, which makes this sensor sensitive to each Fexofenadine and Montelukast drug. The coating material was a polymeric film comprises of Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC), Di-butyl phthalate as a plasticizer (DBP), ion pairs of drugs with previously mentioned reagents. The electrodes showed a Nernstian response with a mean calibration graph slopes of [59.227, 28.430, (59.048, 28,643)] mv.decade−1 for the three pencil electrodes respectively, with detection limits 0.025 μM for Fexofenadine and 0.019 μM for Montelukast drug which makes this method outperforms the reported method for the determination of this combination. The electrodes work effectively over pH range (2–4.5) for Fexofenadine hydrochloride and (5–9.5) for Montelukast sodium. The influence of the proposed interfering species was negligible as shown by selectivity coefficient values. The effectiveness of the electrodes continued in a period of time (45–69) days. The suggested sensors demonstrated useful analytical features for the determination of both drugs in bulk powder, in laboratory prepared mixtures and their combined dosage form. We have validated the method following ICH protocol, and we have reached very significant results in terms of the linearity, accuracy, selectivity, and precision of the method.
Highlights
Fexofenadine hydrochloride (FEX.HCl) Fig. 1a, is a selective antagonist for histamine H1- receptor, it is an effective metabolite of terfenadine
Fexofenadine acts as a cation in that it makes up an ion pair with Molybdate anion, but montelukast acts as anion and makes up ion pair with the cationic reagent cobalt nitrate, we can determine each drug separately without any interference of the other drug potential
The determination of Fexofenadine hydrochloride and Montelukast sodium in this presented work relies upon the construction of a pencil graphite electrode coated with a polymer film, which consists of polymer, plasticizer, and ion pair of previously mentioned drugs and reagents
Summary
Fexofenadine hydrochloride (FEX.HCl) Fig. 1a, is a selective antagonist for histamine H1- receptor, it is an effective metabolite of terfenadine. Fexofenadine acts as a cation in that it makes up an ion pair with Molybdate anion, but montelukast acts as anion and makes up ion pair with the cationic reagent cobalt nitrate, we can determine each drug separately without any interference of the other drug potential. The determination of Fexofenadine hydrochloride and Montelukast sodium in this presented work relies upon the construction of a pencil graphite electrode coated with a polymer film, which consists of polymer, plasticizer, and ion pair of previously mentioned drugs and reagents. Among various types of ion-selective electrodes, pencil graphite electrode shows good conductivity, high sensitivity, small background current, and simple preparation [36]. The cell potential is regarded as the potential difference between the two layers, and is calculated according to Nernstian equation
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