Abstract
Abstract Establishment and Co-management of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) which are conducted by Coral Reef Rehabilitation and Management Project (COREMAP) Phase II represents a new paradigm from the top-down approach, that being the bottom-up community-based approach. The process of establishing MPAs initiated by village level has legalized by village regulations on enacting of no-take zones (NTZs). There are five steps and an 18 months period of establishment and management of NTZs. The networks of village level MPAs also is functioning as no-take area of District MPA that is managed by the District Government. With a new paradigm, collaborative management of MPAs is exemplified by COREMAP Phase II through the sharing of responsibility between central and local government as well as community, providing an unique typical feature in the management of conservation areas in Indonesia.
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