New optical soliton solutions for Fokas–Lenells dynamical equation via two various methods

Abstract

In this paper, we examine the Fokas–Lenells equation (FLE) that depicts the promulgation of ultra-short pulsation in visual fibers while confirming the terms of the following asymptotic arrangement beyond those indispensable for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation. In addition the model includes both spatio–temporal dispersal and self-steepening terms. Then, we discuss deep visual solutions of the FLE via taking the modified Kudryashov method and the extended tanh expansion method.