Abstract
ANONEQUILIBRIUM turbulence closure model, patterned after the Johnson-King model, has been developed for computing two-dimensional turbulent flows about complex airfoil shapes. The influence of history effects in the wake region of the boundary layer is described by an ordinary differential equation developed from the turbulent kinetic energy equation. The performance of the present model has been evaluated by computing the flow around three airfoils using the Reynolds time-averaged Navier-Stokes equations/These equations were solved using an implicit, upwind, finite- volume scheme. Excellent agreement between numerical and experimental results was obtained for both attached and separated turbulent flows about the NACA 0012 airfoil, the RAE 2822 airfoil, and the Integrated Technology A 153W airfoil. Contents The majority of turbulent flow calculations are based on the Reynolds time-averaged equations. These equations can be obtained by using Favre's mass- weighted averaging. Closure of the Reynolds time-averaged equations requires the modeling of the turbulent stresses and heat-flux terms. In most turbulence models, the turbulent stresses are determined from the Boussinesq approximation: 2 2 (1)
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