New Name for One and Fixation of Correct Spelling of Two Leafhopper Taxa (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)

Zoologica ScriptaVolume 36, Issue 6 p. 623-623 Free Access Corrigendum This article corrects the following: Notothrix halsei gen. n., sp. n., representative of a new family of freshwater cladocerans (Branchiopoda, Anomopoda) from SW Australia, with a discussion of ancestral traits and a preliminary molecular phylogeny of the order Kay Van Damme, Russell J. Shiel, H. J. Dumont, Volume 36Issue 5Zoologica Scripta pages: 465-487 First Published online: September 4, 2007 First published: 01 October 2007 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6409.2007.00304.xCitations: 2AboutSectionsPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Gondwanotrichidae nom. nov. pro Nototrichidae Van Damme, Shiel & Dumont, 2007 The authors (Van Damme et al.) of the paper ‘Notothrix halsei gen. n., sp. n., representative of a new family of freshwater cladocerans (Branchiopoda, Anomopoda) from SW Australia, with a discussion of ancestral traits and a preliminary molecular phylogeny of the order’ have alerted us to an error in their paper. The correction follows: In the previous issue of Zoologica Scripta [36(5): 465–487], we described a new monotypic family of Anomopoda (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) from SW Australia and named it as the Nototrichidae. However, the name of the type genus Notothrix Van Damme, Shiel & Dumont, 2007 turns out to be a junior homonym of the turbellarian genus Notothrix Hickman, 1955. Although the taxon described by Hickman (1955) was later synonymized with Umagilla Wahl, 1909 (Cannon 1987), this name remains available and therefore Notothrix Van Damme, Shiel & Dumont, 2007 is a junior homonym. As Notothrix Van Damme, Shiel & Dumont, 2007 is the type genus of the Nototrichidae Van Damme, Shiel & Dumont, 2007, the family name too becomes invalid, according to Article 39 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (1999): ‘The name of a family group taxon is invalid if the name of its type genus is a junior homonym ...’. There are no synonyms for the type genus of the Nototrichidae. Therefore, we propose a new replacement name (nomen novum) for both the genus and the family. This is a strict nomenclatural issue that has further no effects on the content of the original paper. Family Gondwanotrichidae nom. nov. pro Nototrichidae Van Damme, Shiel & Dumont, 2007; diagnosis and description as in original publication. Type genus. Gondwanothrix nom. nov. pro Notothrix Van Damme, Shiel & Dumont, 2007 non Hickman, 1955. Type species. Notothrix halsei Van Damme, Shiel & Dumont, 2007. = Gondwanothrix halsei (Van Damme, Shiel & Dumont, 2007). Etymology. The name ‘Gondwanothrix’ consists of the prefix ‘Gondwano-’, referring to Gondwanaland, the supercontinent of the southern hemisphere that existed until its break-up in the Mesozoic, as we believe that this is one of the most primitive extant anomopods, dating back at least to that era (Van Damme et al. 2007). The word ‘thrix’ refers to the long setae on the posteroventral valve corner and the long spines on the postabdomen; the epitheton ‘halsei’ remains. Acknowledgements The authors wish to thank Steve Tracey and Dr Andrew Polaszek at the ICZN Secretariat for help and constructive advice. References Cannon, L. R. G. (1987). Two new rhabdocoel turbellarians, Umagilla pacifica sp. n. and U. karlingi sp. n. (Umagillidae), endosymbiotic with holothurians (Echinodermata) from the Great Barrier Reef and a discussion of sclerotic structures in the female system of the Umagillidae. Zoologica Scripta, 16 (4), 297– 303. Wiley Online LibraryWeb of Science®Google Scholar Hickman, V. V. (1955). Two new rhabdocoel turbellarians parasitic in Tasmania holothurians. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania, 89, 81– 97. Google Scholar International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (1999). International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, 4th edn. Published by the International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, c/o The Natural History Museum, London, UK. URL: http://www.iczn.org/iczn/index.jsp . Google Scholar Van Damme, K., Shiel, R. J. & Dumont, H. J. (2007). Notothrix halsei gen. n., sp. n., representative of a new family of freshwater cladocerans (Branchiopoda, Anomopoda) from SW Australia, with a discussion of ancestral traits and a preliminary molecular phylogeny of the order. Zoologica Scripta, 36 (5), 465– 487. Wiley Online LibraryWeb of Science®Google Scholar Citing Literature Volume36, Issue6November 2007Pages 623-623 ReferencesRelatedInformation

This book inventories all available (and some unavailable) names in the family, genus, and species groups of extant members of orders Actiniaria and Corallimorpharia [cnidarian subclass Hexacorallia (Zoantharia) of class Anthozoa], providing a benchmark of names, their status, and taxon membership. I have attempted to make the compilation complete as of 2010; some names created after 2010 are included. The book is derived from a database I compiled that was available through a website. Most of the book is from the literature that defines taxa and documents their geographic distribution-primarily publications on nomenclature, taxonomy, and biogeography, but also some on ecology, pharmacology, reproductive biology, physiology, etc. of anemones (the common name for these groups); the reference section comprises 845 entries. As for previous anemone catalogs, this contains taxonomic as well as nomenclatural information, the former based on subjective opinion of working biologists, the latter objectively verifiable and unchanging (except by action of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature). Each family-group name, genus-group name, and original combination for species-group names has an entry. The entry contains the bibliographic reference to the publication in which each name was made available. This book contains for Corallimorpharia seven family names (four considered valid [57%]), 20 generic names (10 considered valid [50%] and one unavailable), and 65 species names (46 considered valid [70%]). It contains for Actiniaria 86 family names (50 considered valid [58%] and three unavailable), 447 generic names (264 considered valid [59%] and two unavailable), and 1427 species names (1101 considered valid [77%] and nine unavailable). Type specimens are inventoried from more than 50 natural history museums in Africa, Australia, Europe, New Zealand, and North America, including those with the largest collections of anemones; the geographic sources of specimens that were the bases of new names are identified. I resolve some nomenclatural issues, acting as First Reviser. A few taxonomic opinions are published for the first time. I have been unable to resolve a small number of problematic names having both nomenclatural and taxonomic problems. Molecular phylogenetic analyses are changing assignment of genera to families and species to genera. Systematics may change, but the basics of nomenclature remain unchanged in face of such alterations. All actions are in accord with the principles of nomenclature enunciated in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. These include the type concept, the Principle of Coordination, and the Principle of Priority. Nomenclatural acts include the creation of new replacement names; seven actiniarian generic names and one species name that are junior homonyms but have been treated as valid are replaced and an eighth new genus name is created. I designate type species for two genera. Except for published misspellings, names are rendered correctly according to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature; I have altered spelling of some species names to conform to orthographic regulations. I place several species that had been assigned to genera now considered junior synonyms in the genus to which the type species was moved; experts on these anemones should determine whether those generic placements, which follow the nomenclatural rules, are taxonomically appropriate. This inventory can be a useful starting point in assembling the literature and trying to understand the rationale for the creation and use of names for the taxonomic matters yet to be resolved. Some nomenclatural conundra will not be resolved until taxonomic uncertainties are. A taxonomist familiar with the animals needs to ascertain whether the published synonymies are justified. If so, the senior synonym should be used, which, in many instances, will involve determining the proper generic assignment of the species and the correct rendering of the name; if changing the name would be disruptive, retaining the junior name would require an appeal to the Commission (Code Article 23.11).

This work seeks to expose and clear up nomenclatural irregularities involving copepods of the order Monstrilloida, family Monstrillidae. The diagnostic text related to Monstrilla minuta Isaac, 1974 and four nominal species of Thaumaleus Krøyer, 1849 (now Cymbasoma Thompson, 1888) proposed by Isaac in 1974 is sufficient for all names to be available from their original description except for Thaumaleus similirostratus, which was proposed conditionally in 1974 and was first made available by Isaac in 1975; "similirostris" as used by Grygier in 1995 is an incorrect subsequent spelling. Four other specific names proposed in 1975 by Isaac, but disclaimed by him as nomina nuda (an action permitted retroactively by the Fourth Edition of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature) have never been made available. By quoting the necessary information from Isaac's doctoral dissertation, two of them are validated herein under the names Thaumaleus frondipes Isaac in Grygier Suárez-Morales, sp. nov., and Strilloma scotti Isaac in Grygier Suárez-Morales, sp. nov., and are immediately reassigned as new combinations to Cymbasoma and Monstrilla Dana, 1849, respectively. A fifth such name, Thaumaleus tumorifrons, has already been made available under the authorship of Suárez-Morales, 1999, but its females are excluded from the type series; the spelling of the specific name of the new species recently proposed for those females, Cymbasoma mediterranea Suárez-Morales, Goruppi, Olazabal Tirelli, 2017, is emended to mediterraneum to match the gender of the genus. For Cymbasoma bowmani Suárez-Morales Gasca, 1998, the "Form B" female mentioned in the original description is excluded from the type series. The authorship and date of availability of Haemocera (currently Cymbasoma) morii depends on which language version of Article 13.1.1 of the Code is followed; a ruling by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature under Article 87 of the Code is necessary to resolve the matter. The composition of the type series of Cymbasoma bullatum (Scott, 1909) in terms of both number and sex has become unclear; its type locality is restricted herein to the vicinity of Obi Island in the Moluccas. Despite a published statement to the contrary, the syntype series of Cymbasoma germanicum (Timm, 1893) included specimens from other localities than just Helgoland. The type series of Cymbasoma guerrerense Suárez-Morales Morales-Ramírez, 2009 consists only of the holotype, which was mistakenly reported under the wrong registration number. The supposed invalidity of Monstrilla capitellicola Hartman, 1961 is discussed. Monstrilla javensis Isaac, 1974, nomen nudum, has remained unavailable owing to lack of adherence to Article 16.1 of the Code by later authors; the specific name is made available herein, under Suárez-Morales' authorship, in the combination Cymbasoma javense sp. nov. The taxonomic (and eventual nomenclatural) question of the status of M. mariaeugeniae Suárez-Morales Islas-Landeros, 1993 vis à vis M. wandelii Stephensen, 1913, i.e. as a separate species or a subspecies of the latter, remains unsettled. Cymbasoma lenticula Suárez-Morales McKinnon, 2014 and Monstrillopsis boonwurrungorum Suárez-Morales McKinnon, 2014 are fixed herein as the correct original spellings of those two specific names. Resolution of the problem posed by assignment of the specific name reticulata to supposedly non-conspecific males and females in the genus Monstrillopsis Sars, 1921 requires the designation of a neotype by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature.

(091–092) Proposals to amend Recommendation <scp>7A</scp> on deposition of type material in institutions of countries of origin, and to add a new Recommendation <scp>51A</scp> regarding avoiding potentially inappropriate or unacceptable names of taxa

THE International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature announces its intention of publishing at an early date a revised and up-to-date edition (1) of the "International Code of Zoological Nomenclature" and (2) of the "Official List of Generic Names in Zoology". The last edition of the English text of "The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature" was published some years before the War and is now out of date for various reasons, including the adoption by the International Congress of Zoology of changes in some of the Articles in the International Code. The revised edition will consist of the substantive French text (on left-hand pages) and the English translation (on right-hand pages). The volume, which will be fully indexed, will also contain a detailed analysis of all the "Opinions" so far rendered by the International Commission in regard to the interpretation of the provisions of the Code. "The Official List of Generic Names in Zoology" was established by the International Congress of Zoology at its meeting at Monaco in 1913 for the purpose of recording full particulars relating to the names of the 5,000–10,000 best known and most important genera in the animal kingdom with their type species. So far, however, only about seven hundred names have been placed on the "Official List", due largely to the fact that the decisions taken by the International Commission have never hitherto been brought together in a single volume and with a full index. It is hoped that the "Official List" will now develop into a powerful instrument for stabilizing zoological nomenclature. It is hoped that its publication in book form will stimulate specialists to make proposals for the addition of other generic names important not only in systematic zoology but also in the applied sciences and in the teaching of zoology at the universities.

A new replacement name Pseudodarwinella is proposed for Darwinella Enderlein, 1912, a junior homonym of Darwinella Müller, 1865 (Porifera).

Journal of Eukaryotic MicrobiologyVolume 65, Issue 2 p. 290-290 CorrigendumFree Access Corrigendum to ″Schmidingerothrix salinarum nov. spec. is the Molecular Sister of the Large Oxytrichid Clade (Ciliophora, Hypotricha) by Foissner et al. 2014″ This article corrects the following: Schmidingerothrix salinarum nov. spec. is the Molecular Sister of the Large Oxytrichid Clade (Ciliophora, Hypotricha) Wilhelm Foissner, Sabine Filker, Thorsten Stoeck, Volume 61Issue 1Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology pages: 61-74 First Published online: December 10, 2013 First published: 20 November 2017 https://doi.org/10.1111/jeu.12481AboutSectionsPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat In the article: Foissner, W., Filker, S., and Stoeck T. 2014. Schmidingerothrix salinarum nov. spec. is the Molecular Sister of the Large Oxytrichid Clade (Ciliophora, Hypotricha). J. Eukaryot. Microbiol., 61(1): 61–74. https://doi.org/10.1111/jeu.12087, the ZooBank registration number was omitted. Foissner et al. (2014) described the morphology, ontogeny, and phylogeny of a new Schmidingerothrix species in this electronic-only journal. Since the electronic article does not contain ZooBank registration, it is not published (available) with respect to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN 1999, 2012, Articles 8.5, 9.11). However, such work likely remains available as source for further purposes, similar to a suppressed work (ICZN 1999, Article 8.7.1). To become available, Schmidingerothrix salinarum must be registered in ZooBank (ICZN 2012). ZooBank registration http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:33751519-8DAB-42CD-814E-C72926D5E39F Schmidingerothrix salinarum nov. spec. (Table 2 and Fig. 1A–L, 2A–M, 3A–D, 4A–H, 5, 6A–F, 7A–I, 8A–D in Foissner et al. 2014) Diagnosis (from Foissner et al. 2014, p. 73). Size in vivo about 95 × 17 μm. Body slender (~5.5:1), usually widest in mid-portion, with short but distinct tail. Four macronuclear nodules, forming a series near right margin of cell; zero to two micronuclei. Cortical granules in loose rows, colorless, about 1 μm across. Three frontal cirri and three frontoventral cirral rows. Frontal cirrus 1 subapical close to ventral part of adoral zone of membranelles. Frontoventral row 1 composed of an average of four cirri; row 2 of 18 cirri; row 3 of five cirri. Right marginal row composed of an average of 23 cirri, left of 17. Adoral zone about 32% of body length, composed of an average of three frontal and 21 ventral membranelles. Endoral membrane 12 μm long on average. Type locality. Solar saltern in the Ria Formosa National Park near to the town of Faro, Portugal, W7°57′41.0684″, N37°00′29.4851″. Type material. The holotype slide and two paratype slides with protargol-impregnated specimens and two paratype slides with hematoxylin-stained cells have been deposited in the Biologiezentrum of the Oberösterreichische Landesmuseum in Linz (LI), Austria, reg. no. 2013/33–37. Relevant specimens have been marked by black ink circles on the coverslip. Etymology. See same section in Foissner et al. (2014, p. 74). Morphology of Schmidingerothrix salinarum nov. spec. See same section in Foissner et al. (2014, p. 63, Table 2, and Fig. 1A–L, 2A–M, 3A–D, 4A–H). Molecular phylogeny. See same section in Foissner et al. (2014). GenBank accession number. KC991098 (SSU rDNA; length 1,769 bp; GC content 45.11%). Ontogenesis of Schmidingerothrix salinarum nov. spec. See same section in Foissner et al. (2014, p. 67 and Fig. 6A–F, 7A–H, 8A–D). Discussion. For comparison of Schmidingerothrix salinarum Foissner et al., 2017 with S. extraordinaria Foissner, 2012, type of the genus, see same section in Foissner et al. (2014, p. 72). Remarks: In future, this species has to be cited as “Schmidingerothrix salinarum Foissner, Filker & Stoeck, 2017” (for justification, see introduction). Literature Cited Foissner, W. 2012. Schmidingerothrix extraordinaria nov. gen., nov. spec., a secondarily oligomerized hypotrich (Ciliophora, Hypotricha, Schmidingerotrichidae nov. fam.) from hypersaline soils of Africa. Eur. J. Protistol., 48: 237– 251. Foissner, W., Filker, S. & Stoeck, T. 2014. Schmidingerothrix salinarum nov. spec. is the molecular sister of the large oxytrichid clade (Ciliophora, Hypotricha). J. Eukaryot. Microbiol., 61: 61– 74. ICZN (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature) 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, 306 p. ICZN (International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature) 2012. Amendment of Articles 8, 9, 10, 21 and 78 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature to expand and refine methods of publication. Bull. Zool. Nom., 69: 161– 169. Volume65, Issue2March/April 2018Pages 290-290 ReferencesRelatedInformation

The name, Galathea keijii, was given to a Miocene fossil species of squat lobster from Japan by Karasawa (1993: 39, pl. 6, figs. 1, 2, 3, 10). In the same year, the name, Galathea keijii, was established for a living species from the Andaman Sea and Arabian Sea (Tirmizi Javed 1993: 50, fig. 22). Therefore, both names are homonymous. The description of Karasawa was published in the Bulletin of the Mizunami Fossil Museum, no. 20, which, on the inside back cover states the date of publication as December 25, 1993. The description of Tirmizi Javed was published in "Indian Ocean galatheids (Crustacea: Anomura)" by the Marine Reference Collection and Resource Centre, University of Karachi. This work was published in 1993 but the day and month of publication were not cited in the publication. In the absence of evidence to the contrary, the date of publication for "Indian Ocean galatheids (Crustacea: Anomura)" is deemed to be the last day of 1993, by application of Article 21.3.2 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN 1999: 20). As such, application of Article 52 on the principle of homonymy of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN, 1999: 56) shows that Galathea keijii Karasawa, 1993, takes precedence over Galathea keijii Tirmizi Javed, 1993. In accordance with Article 60 on the replacement of junior homonyms (ICZN 1999: 62, 63) a new replacement name, Galathea nasimae, is here proposed for Galathea keijii Tirmizi Javed, 1993. It is dedicated to the late Dr. Nasima M. Tirmizi (Marine Reference Collection and Resource Centre, University of Karachi).

Campos (2002) erected the genus Raymondia to accommodate a morphologically distinctive pinnotherid crab, Pinnotheres clavapedatus Glassell, 1935. Recently, Dr. Mark J. Grygier (Lake Biwa Museum, Japan) notified me that this genus name is preoccupied by the name of a genus of flies of the family Streblidae, Raymondia Frauenfeld, 1855, type species Raymondia huberi Frauenfeld, 1855. In accordance with Article 60 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1999), I propose the replacement name Raytheres,nomen novum, for the preoccupied Raymondia Campos, 2002. Raytheres is erected in honor of the late Raymond B. Manning of the Smithsonian Institution, being derived from his first name combined with theres (from the Greek teretes, keeper or watcher) as used in Pinnotheres Bosc, 1802; the gender is masculine. The type species of Raytheres is Pinnotheres calvapedatus by original designation (Campos, 2002).

Zoological nomenclature is the obligate medium by which we communicate taxonomic information, and a series of precise nomenclatural rules are designed to minimize confusion and ambiguity. The longest used, internationally applicable system of nomenclature is “Linnaean Nomenclature” (LN) (Polaszek &amp; Wilson 2005), which has provided a stable platform capable of simultaneously designating discrete taxa and conveying their phylogenetic relationships, through the use of scientific names (nomina; Dubois 2000). Precise adherence to the rules of nomenclature as defined by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) is all the more important today when zoologists have millions of taxa to name. The recent importation of exogenous practices into LN is both confusing and inacceptable under the rules of the ICZN. Such practices include the use of a prefix Pan- in the family-series nomenclature. The nomenclature of all taxa from rank subspecies to superfamily is regulated by the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN Code; Anonymous 1999). This means that all zoologists who endorse LN should use nomina complying with the rules of the ICZN Code for taxa of all ranks, including those from superfamily to subtribe and additional intermediate ranks of the nominal family group, also called family-series. However, some recent publications using LN do not follow the ICZN Code in several respects, concerning in particular (1) the rules of formation of nomina and (2) their authorship and date. Recent articles involving fossil birds (Smith 2011, 2013; Smith &amp; Mayr 2013), explicitly or implicitly following the ICZN Code, illustrate both problems, representative of these recent practices. We wish to emphasize that our comments are in no way criticisms directed toward the core information of these studies, otherwise extremely useful, but rather a more general and formal invitation to follow more closely the ICZN Code. We found few other published examples of similar practice concerning birds (“Pan-Apodidae” in Mayr &amp; Manegold 2002, also used by Ksepka et al. 2013; “Pan-Trochilidae” in Mayr &amp; Manegold 2002 and Mayr 2007; “Pan-Hemiprocnidae” in Mayr &amp; Manegold 2002; for articles published in a LN frame). We use hereafter the “Pan-Alcidae” example.

It has been called to my attention that the generic name Dofleinia, established by McLaughlin and Asakura (2004) for Parapagurodes doederleini (Doflein, 1902), is a junior subjective homonym of Dofleinia Wassilieff, 1908 (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniidae). In accordance with Article 60 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1999), I now propose Pagurodofleinia as a replacement name. The type species, Catapagurus doederleini Doflein, 1902, the gender (feminine), and the etymology (named for F. Doflein who first described the type species) remain as given by McLaughlin &amp; Asakura (2004), as does the generic diagnosis.

Nomenclatural notes on the names of several species in the family Gyrinidae are provided. Six specific names are found to be junior homonyms. Three of them are replaced by nomina nova: Aulonogyrus marginatus (Aubé, 1838) by Aulonogyrus charlesaubei nom. nov., Gyrinus dubius Wallis, 1926 by Gyrinus suspectus nom. nov., and Macrogyrus (Andogyrus) colombicus australis (Brinck, 1977) by Macrogyrus (Andogyrus) colombicus brincki nom. nov. The other three junior homonyms were never considered congeneric with senior homonyms after the year 1899, and thus cannot not be replaced by new names: Gyretes dorsalis (Brullé, 1837), Macrogyrus australis (Brullé, 1835), and Andogyrus glaucus (Aubé, 1838); it is proposed that these names will be conserved by a ruling of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. It is found that Enhydrus sulcatus (Forsberg, 1821) is a primary homonym and a junior subjective synonym of Enhydrus sulcatus (Wiedemann, 1821) in Wiedemann &amp; Germar (1821). The neotype is designated for Gyrinus striatus Fabricius, 1792, which is a senior primary homonym and a senior subjective synonym of G. striatus Olivier, 1792 (both currently in Aulonogyrus Motschulsky, 1853). Gyrinus striatus was published by Olivier not only in 1792, but again in the year 1795 (so far treated as the correct publishing year). To stabilise the nomenclature, one and the same specimen is designated simultaneously as the neotype for Gyrinus striatus Olivier, 1792, and G. striatus Olivier, 1795, and thus both names become objective synonyms. Gyrinus ovatus Klug, 1829 is a senior subjective synonym of Gyrinus gibbus Aubé, 1838 syn. nov. and of Gyrinus apicalis Sharp, 1878 syn. nov. Gyrinus racenisi Ochs, 1953 must be used as the valid name for Gyrinus ovatus sensu Aubé (1838b) (nec Klug 1829). Lectotypes are designated for Gyrinus apicalis Sharp, 1878, Gyrinus gibbus Aubé, 1838, Gyrinus ovatus Klug, 1829, and Gyrinus paykulli Ochs, 1927b. Type specimens and diagnostic characters are illustrated for G. striatus Fabricius, G. striatus Olivier, G. ovatus Klug, G. racenisi and G. paykulli.

According to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN, 1999), the Principle of Homonymy (Article 52) states that when two or more taxa are distinguished from each other, they must not be denoted by the same name because this would cause confusion. Consequently, in a case of homonymy, only the senior name may be used as valid (Art. 52.2). The ICZN (1999) also indicates that if the rejected junior homonym has no known available and potentially valid synonym, it must be replaced by a new substitute name (Art. 60.3), that is, a replacement name.

Márquez &amp; Asiain (2010) described three new species of the Philonthus furvus species group: P. navarretei and P. pollens from Mexico, and P. rufotibialis from Mexico and Guatemala. They also provided new state and locality records for P. hoegei, P. testaceipennis and P. yaqui, as well as a key for the identification of the species. In this work (Márquez &amp; Asiain 2010) the depositories of the type material and material examined were indicated, except for the holotype of P. navarretei. Based on article 16 (names published after 1999) of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1999), which indicates that species names must be accompanied by the explicit fixation of a holotype (16.4.1), a statement of intent that this will be deposited in a collection and a statement indicating the name and location of that collection (16.4.2), the species name is considered as an "unavailable name". Navarrete-Heredia &amp; Newton (2013) placed P. navarretei Márquez &amp; Asiain, 2010 as a nomen nudum because the term "nomen nudum" is often used loosely for names that do not meet one or more of the conditions necessary for availability in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.

The International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature has voted in favour of a revised version of the amendment to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature that was proposed in 2008. The purpose of the amendment is to expand and refine the methods of publication allowed by the Code, particularly in relation to electronic publication. The amendment establishes an Official Register of Zoological Nomenclature (with ZooBank as its online version), allows electronic publication after 2011 under certain conditions, and disallows publication on optical discs after 2012. The requirements for electronic publications are that the work be registered in ZooBank before it is published, that the work itself state the date of publication and contain evidence that registration has occurred, and that the ZooBank registration state both the name of an electronic archive intended to preserve the work and the ISSN or ISBN associated with the work. Registration of new scientific names and nomenclatural acts is not required. The Commission has confirmed that ZooBank is ready to handle the requirements of the amendment.