Abstract
In the past decade there have been several research efforts in the United States to develop a method of measuring the water equivalent (total water content) of a snow pack that will allow the automatic recording and transmission of the record from remote mountain locations. The methods include: (1) an electrical method utilizing capacitance properties of the snow between two electrically-insulated electrodes projecting up through the snow pack; (2) a radioisotope snow gauge that utilizes the attenuation of gamma rays between a source positioned above the snow pack and a counting system at the snow-ground interface; and (3) a pressure pillow in which the change in pressure within a fluid-filled flat pillow reflects the weight of the snow directly above the pillow. The accuracy of the gauges is discussed as well as the location of use and experimentation, and the method of recording and transmitting the record. The object has been to improve on the system of manual snow-tube measurements hitherto employed.
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