Abstract
A hypothetical pseudo-scalar particle axion, which is an immediate result of the Peccei-Quinn solution to the strong CP problem, may couple to gluons and lead to an oscillating electric dipole moment (EDM) of fundamental particles. This paper proposes a novel method of probing the axion-induced oscillating EDM in storage rings, using a radiofrequency (RF) Wien Filter. The Wien Filter at the frequency of the sidebands of the axion and $g-2$ frequency, $f_\text{axion} \pm f_{g-2}$, generates a spin resonance in the presence of an oscillating EDM, as confirmed both by an analytical estimation of the spin equations and independently by simulation. A brief systematic study also shows that this method is unlikely to be limited by Wien Filter misalignment issues.
Highlights
The Peccei-Quinn solution to the strong CP problem requires the existence of a pseudoscalar Goldstone boson called an axion [1]
While most axion search experiments seek to observe the axion-photon interaction using the resonant cavity method, it has been suggested that axiongluon coupling in the strong interactions may result in an electric dipole moment (EDM) from a hadron oscillating at the axion frequency [5,6]
Wien filter misalignment In Eqs. (6) and (8), we found that the dc component of the EDM is sensitive to the g − 2 frequency of WF, and the ac component is sensitive to the sidebands of the g − 2 and axion frequency, respectively
Summary
The Peccei-Quinn solution to the strong CP problem requires the existence of a pseudoscalar Goldstone boson called an axion [1]. Extending the experimental approach to the axion-induced oscillating EDM, a new axionlike dark matter search experiment was proposed using the storage ring method in the presence of an oscillating EDM [14,15,16]. Another recent study proposed that the storage ring EDM method can be exploited to probe dark matter and dark energy [17]. [18], but its target was a conventional static EDM, while the present study seeks to observe an oscillating EDM induced by an axion field. By applying the WF at a frequency other than just g − 2 frequency, the experiment can be freed from the severe systematics arising from beam and spin dynamics and WF misalignment issues
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