New Mathematical Model for Wireless Signal Path Loss inside Buildings

Abstract

Mobile communications have evolved in a very rapid manner along with other fast-growing communication technologies. The widespread use of this technology has turned mobile communications into a life style. Thus the necessity for high quality and high capacity networks with thorough coverage has become one of the major demands. Many models have been proposed to cover the signal strength measurements and estimations, which make it easy to provide an efficient and reliable coverage area. One such model is the Okumura model, an accepted standard. In this paper we propose a new mathematical model for calculating the path loss inside buildings especially in elevators which are considered a very critical metropolitan feature where signal drops occur. In our work, radio wave propagation and frequency measurements were taken inside various buildings at the University of Bridgeport campus in Bridgeport CT, USA. These measurements were incorporated into the Okumura model to derive a new path loss model utilizing power measurements inside buildings. The experimental work shows very accurate and improved results for our model with respect to path loss detection inside elevators as compared to the Okumura model.