Abstract
The increasing life expectancy, evolving patient demographics, and advancements in implant technologies underscore the need for better biomaterials, particularly alloys with superior mechanical and chemical biocompatibility for biomedical applications like orthopedic implants. β-Ti alloys are promising due to their mechanical properties, including an elasticity modulus (E) of 44–80 GPa, and chemical/biological attributes such as corrosion resistance and osseointegration. This work developed equimassic multicomponent high (HEA) and medium entropy (MEA) β-Ti alloys within the ternary Ti-33Nb-33Zr, quaternary Ti-25Nb-25Zr-25Ta, and quinary Ti-20Nb-20Zr-20Ta-20Mo weight percent systems to achieve an optimized elastic modulus. The study analyzed β-Ti alloys with different β-stabilizing elements, leading to varying entropy levels, and established a relationship between microstructure and properties for enhanced implant efficacy. For the high entropy quinary alloy, increasing the number of alloying elements decreases lattice parameters, increasing the elastic modulus and Vickers microhardness (HV), from 247 HV for the ternary alloy to 453 HV for the quinary alloy. This corresponds to an increase in the entropy degree from 1.041 R to 1.523 R. While a higher entropy degree hinders a low elastic modulus, medium entropy β-Ti alloys such as the quaternary β-Ti-25Nb-25Zr-25Ta alloy achieve an elastic modulus as low as 73 GPa.
Published Version
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