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Abstract
Neutrino detectors at the accelerator machines of the Intensity Frontier in particle physics are becoming commonplace. As their capabilities are being understood, they seem to have the potential for studies beyond the neutrino oscillations measurements. Besides these primary neutrino physics goals, a number of exotic searches can be done with such detectors in general, and the NOvA detectors that we present here, as a particular example. Specifically, we focus on simulating signatures in NOvA experiment's Near-Detector (300 ton, 900 m from the NuMI target of Fermilab) that correspond to beam-generated new physics states from hidden sectors, dark sectors, axion-like particles, heavy or sterile neutrinos, and heavy photons. As there are no physics generators that can inherently include such states, along with the mainstream production branches, we present here the initial stages of an effort to incorporate these signatures manually in the overall simulation framework of the NOvA experiment. For this, we discuss examples and examine the potential and challenges for detecting such signatures.
Highlights
The Intensity Frontier (IF) is a world-wide initiative and the Project X [1] machines are a powerful tool consisting of a number of proton accelerators being built at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory facility in Illinois, USA
The NOvA experiment at Fermilab will use a 120 GeV proton accelerator complex at 700 kW producing the NuMI (Neutrinos at the Main Injector) neutrino beam to lead in the measurement of appearance of electron-neutrinos and anti-neutrinos [2]
The beam simulation is an effort to include neutral particles with mass and kinetic energy consistent with production-channel models. It aims to create the simulation of the expected energy spectrum and angular distribution of the expected New Light (~GeV) Weakly-Coupled particles (NLWCp) as they travel from the target or a point along the decay volume, towards the Near Detector (ND)
Summary
The Intensity Frontier (IF) is a world-wide initiative and the Project X [1] machines are a powerful tool consisting of a number of proton accelerators being built at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory facility in Illinois, USA. There is a significant arrangement of short- and long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments using intense proton beams on fixed targets separated from the near (or main) neutrino detector by several hundred meters of earth or decay volumes and absorbers [1, 2].
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