Abstract
Pentraxins are soluble pattern recognition receptors that play a major role in regulating innate immune responses. Through their interaction with complement components, Fcγ receptors, and different microbial moieties, Pentraxins cause an amplification of the inflammatory response. Pentraxin-3 is of particular interest since it was identified as a biomarker for several immune-pathological diseases. In allergic asthma, pentraxin-3 is produced by immune and structural cells and is up-regulated by pro-asthmatic cytokines such as TNFα and IL-1β. Strikingly, some recent experimental evidence demonstrated a protective role of pentraxin-3 in chronic airway inflammatory diseases such as allergic asthma. Indeed, reduced pentraxin-3 levels have been associated with neutrophilic inflammation, Th17 immune response, insensitivity to standard therapeutics and a severe form of the disease. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge of the role of pentraxin-3 in innate immune response and discuss the protective role of pentraxin-3 in allergic asthma.
Highlights
Asthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disease characterized by episodes of acute bronchoconstriction and manifests various typical symptoms such as coughing, shortness of breath, wheezing, and chest tightness [1]
The classical short pentraxins that consist of C-reactive protein (CRP) in humans and serum amyloid P component (SAP) in mice are acute-phase proteins produced in the liver in response to inflammatory mediators, IL-6 [39, 40]
Pentraxin-3 is a soluble pattern recognition receptor that acts as a significant regulator of innate immune responses
Summary
Pentraxins are soluble pattern recognition receptors that play a major role in regulating innate immune responses. Through their interaction with complement components, Fcγ receptors, and different microbial moieties, Pentraxins cause an amplification of the inflammatory response. Pentraxin-3 is produced by immune and structural cells and is up-regulated by pro-asthmatic cytokines such as TNFα and IL-1β. Some recent experimental evidence demonstrated a protective role of pentraxin-3 in chronic airway inflammatory diseases such as allergic asthma. We will summarize the current knowledge of the role of pentraxin-3 in innate immune response and discuss the protective role of pentraxin-3 in allergic asthma
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