Abstract
Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) imaging system onboard NASA’s (National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s) Terra satellite is capable of measuring multispectral reflectance of the earth’s surface targets in visible and infrared (VNIR) to shortwave infrared (SWIR) (until 2006) as well as multispectral thermal infrared (TIR) regions. ASTER VNIR stereo imaging technique can provide high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) data. The DEMs data, three-dimensional (3D) perspective, and ratio images produced from the ASTER multispectral data are employed to analyze the geomorphologic and lithologic features of Wudalianchi volcanoes in the northeastern China. Our results indicate that the 14 major conical volcanic craters of Wudalianchi volcanoes are arranged as three sub-parallel zones, extending in a NE (Northeast) direction, which is similar to the direction of regional fault system based on the ASTER DEMs data. Among the 14 volcanic craters in Wudalianchi, the Laoheishan, and Huoshaoshan lavas flows, after the historic eruptions, pouring down from the crater, partially blocked the Baihe River, which forms the Five Large Connected Pools, known as the Wudalianchi Lake. Lithologic mapping shows that ASTER multispectral ratio imagery, particularly, the Lava Flow Index (LFI) (LFI = B10/B12) imagery, can clearly distinguish different lava flow units, and at least four stages of volcanic eruptions are revealed in the Wudalianchi Quaternary volcano cluster. Thus, ASTER multispectral TIR data can be used to determine relative dating of Quaternary volcanoes in the semi-arid region. Moreover, ASTER 3D perspective image can present an excellent view for tracking the flow directions of different lavas of Wudalianchi Holocene volcanoes.
Highlights
Remote sensing can provide a certain resolution of spectral, spatial, and temporal coverage based on the type of sensor for geologic mapping and monitoring at numerous volcanoes throughout the world [1,2]
How to document the products of volcanic eruptions and morphology using satellite remote sensing data is another challenge for geoscientists [6,7]
ASTER-thermal infrared (TIR) is the first satellite-borne multispectral TIR remote sensing system with spectral, spatial, and radiometric resolutions adequate to be used for geologic applications, such as determining the relative age dating of lavas [13,14]
Summary
Remote sensing can provide a certain resolution of spectral, spatial, and temporal coverage based on the type of sensor for geologic mapping and monitoring at numerous volcanoes throughout the world [1,2]. The use of spaceborne and airborne remote sensing data to monitor the volcanoes and map the products of eruptions has been ongoing for decades [3]. ASTER-TIR is the first satellite-borne multispectral TIR remote sensing system with spectral, spatial, and radiometric resolutions adequate to be used for geologic applications, such as determining the relative age dating of lavas [13,14]. The ASTER multispectral SWIR and TIR sensors can provide an important tool for monitoring heat flow related to volcanic activities [4,5]. ASTER can provide a potential tool for mapping the products from active volcanoes from regional to global scales
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