Abstract
The US Bureau of Mines studied the mechanism of shear-flocculation of silica with stearic acid. At pH 6 and 12, shear-flocculation of silica was not observed with the addition of up to 4.5 x 10−4 M (5 lb/st) stearic acid. However, in the presence of 0.1 M NaCl at pH 6, shear-flocculation was observed at stearic acid concentrations ≥ 10−4 M (22.5 lb/st). Adsorption of stearic acid on silica was studied using stearic acids spin-labeled with a doxyl group. The presence of the spin-labeling group did not greatly affect the shear-flocculation properties of stearic acid. Adsorption of labeled stearic acid on silica was measured as a function of surfactant concentration with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and gas chromatography (GC). The GC results indicated that the stearic acid was predominately adsorbed on the surface at concentrations above 10−4 M. From the EPR spectra, the formation of aggregates of stearic acid was apparent at concentrations of approximately 10−5 M (22.5 lb/st). The results are discussed in terms of a possible mechanism for shear-flocculation.
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