Abstract
New insights into autocrine cytokines produced by ischemic cardiomyocytes and ventricular remodeling.
Highlights
Ischemic heart disease is one of the leading causes of death in the world
Tumor necrosis factor- (TNF- ), transforming growth factor- (TGF- ) and members of the interleukin (IL) family are secreted by cardio
The TNF- gene (TNF)- level is elevated in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), with the protein evenly distributed between cardiomyocytes and resident cardiac macrophages
Summary
Ischemic heart disease is one of the leading causes of death in the world. modern therapy of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) can reduce infarct size and result in an increased early survival rate, heart failure after AMI is still a major problem in survivors. Cytokines are produced soon after myocardial ischemic injury, tightly regulate apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, and trigger inflammatory responses. We directly verified that TNF- could be secreted by hypoxic cardiomyocytes in vitro. Hypoxia induces stable expression and translocation of hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1 ), which binds to hypoxia response elements (HREs) in the TNF- gene (TNF) promoter, resulting in transcription of the gene.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
