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Abstract
Arterial velocity pulse index (AVI) and arterial pressure‐volume index (API), new indicators of arterial stiffness, are risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease. Regular aerobic exercise decreases arterial stiffness. In fact, pulse wave velocity (PWV), index of arterial stiffness, is lower in endurance‐trained than in untrained young adults. However, the effect of regular aerobic exercise on AVI and API remains unknown. This study investigates the effect of regular aerobic exercise on AVI and API, new indicators of arterial stiffness. We gathered data from 18 recreationally active females (active group, age: 18 ± 1 years, 2 ± 2 h/week, 3 ± 2 times/week, ≥2 years of aerobic endurance training) and 18 recreationally inactive females (inactive group, age: 18 ± 1 years, ≥2 years without such training) in a cross‐sectional study. Height, body weight, body mass index, AVI, API, brachial blood pressure, heart rate, and 20‐m multistage shuttle run test were measured in a quiet room at a temperature between 24°C and 25°C. AVI and API were lower in the active group than in the inactive group (P < 0.01). Number of 20‐m shuttles was negatively correlated with AVI (P < 0.01, r = −0.8) and API (P < 0.01, r = −0.8). These results suggest that regular aerobic exercise training decreases AVI and API in young females.
Highlights
Increased arterial stiffness is an independent risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease (Blacher et al 1999)
The novel finding of this study is that arterial velocity pulse index (AVI) and arterial pressure-volume index (API) were lower in the active group than in the inactive group in females
These results suggest that regular aerobic exercise training in females decreases AVI and API, and for health management, it might be necessary to measure AVI and API in addition to BP measurement by oscillometric device
Summary
Increased arterial stiffness is an independent risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease (Blacher et al 1999). Pulse wave velocity (PWV) and cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) are used to assess arterial stiffness (Tomiyama and Yamashina 2010) These techniques are clinically and experimentally accepted, they have some disadvantages: (1) a long measurement time, (2) a physical load (with pressure from a blood pressure [BP] cuff on both arms and ankles or from squeezing a tonometry sensor into the carotid artery), and (3) requirement of knowledge and skill in applying tonometry transducers (Okamoto et al 2016). Another method might be of value/use to check arterial stiffness periodically.
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