Abstract
Polyurea is a synthetic high-strength elastomeric material that can be sprayed as a coating over existing structures in order to protect against weathering effects. It is ideal for anti-corrosion protection and is characterized by excellent mechanical properties and adhesion to various surfaces. Further development of this technology may allow obtaining new coatings with improved antistatic properties, which would be an excellent alternative compared to used antistatic epoxy paints. This paper will examine the influence of tetraalkylammonium salt (1), potassium hexafluorophosphate solution (2) and imidazolium-based ionic liquid (3) on the improvement of antistatic properties of the polyurea-polyurethane coatings. In addition, the modified samples were also verified in terms of changes in mechanical properties and the appearance of functional groups other than in the reference sample, as well as surface defects that may arise due to incompatibility of the antistatic additive with the polymer matrix. In order to obtain information about the properties mentioned above, the electrical resistance was determined, the tensile strength and elongation were measured, FT-IR spectra were made, and images were taken with the use of scanning electron microscopy. The conducted research showed that the antistatic properties of the tested hybrid coatings could be improved, but their use may be associated with certain limitations that should be taken into account when designing such materials.
Highlights
Polyurea is a product of the reaction of two components, isocyanate and a resin mixture, and it exhibits an extremely short “tack-free” time
Hydroxyl-terminated compounds are present instead of amines, while the cross-linking reaction occurs through isocyanate and both amine and hydroxyl-terminated compounds in hybrids [3]
The tendency is the same with each of the additives: the electrical resistance decreases with an increasing antistatic agent, but more or less rapidly; in addition, the effectiveness of lowering the electrical resistance is different for each additive
Summary
Polyurea is a product of the reaction of two components, isocyanate and a resin mixture, and it exhibits an extremely short “tack-free” time. The isocyanate can exist in two forms: aromatic and aliphatic. This compound can act as a monomer, a polymer, or a mixture thereof. Hydroxyl-terminated compounds are present instead of amines, while the cross-linking reaction occurs through isocyanate and both amine and hydroxyl-terminated compounds in hybrids [3]. The significant difference between these materials is that there is no need to use a catalyst with pure polyurea. The hybrid reaction, which requires the use of catalysts, becomes uncontrolled when the application is carried out under the ambient condition boundaries relative to the recommended standards. Less frequent crosslinking of bonds may occur at lower temperatures, while it is denser at higher temperatures, affecting the finished product’s mechanical properties [1]
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