Abstract
The idea to verify the height of the highest peaks (summits) in the Crown of Polish Mountains arose after analyzing sources regarding the date and method of measuring the height of these mountain peaks. Our investigations revealed that this type of material is not usually available, and the first mention of height values is most often noted in the inter-war period, and occasionally before WWI (when Poland did not exist as an independent state); most of these values are still in use to this day. The problem of accurate measurement of the height of mountain peaks concerns not only the peaks analyzed by the authors, but also almost all mountain peaks worldwide. Therefore, as part of this work, several trips were organized to the highest peaks of several dozen mountain ranges in the territory of Poland. Measurement was made using a precise geodetic GNSS receiver an accuracy of within 10 cm and a DTM model based on ALS (airborne laser scanning). The results showed that commonly published heights can differ by up to several meters from the actual ones. The most important element of this work consists of the establishment of new measurements of the heights of the highest peaks of all mountain ranges in Poland, which may result in an alteration of the officially recorded heights based on this article. Apart from verification of these heights, this work also aimed to address the issue of the heights of all characteristic objects whose heights must be verified by using modern satellite techniques.
Highlights
IntroductionThe Crown of Polish Mountains (CPM) is a list of the 28 highest peaks of the main mountain ranges (mesoregions) in Poland (Figure 1)
The Crown of Polish Mountains (CPM) is a list of the 28 highest peaks of the main mountain ranges in Poland (Figure 1)
The highest peaks of each range are frequently visited as mountain tourism destinations (e.g., Tarnica, Śnieżka or Babia Góra), in numerous materials we analyzed, including historical maps, current maps and guidebooks, and the Internet, significant discrepancies appeared, amounting to as much as several meters
Summary
The Crown of Polish Mountains (CPM) is a list of the 28 highest peaks of the main mountain ranges (mesoregions) in Poland (Figure 1). The CPM club, a club bringing together Polish mountain enthusiasts, has over 40,000 members including over 2000 members who have summited all the 28 peaks listed (https://kgp.info.pl/). The highest peaks of each range are frequently visited as mountain tourism destinations (e.g., Tarnica, Sniezka or Babia Góra), in numerous materials we analyzed, including historical maps, current maps and guidebooks, and the Internet, significant discrepancies appeared, amounting to as much as several meters. The current height of this summit is listed as 1725 m a.s.l (above sea level). All heights in the article are shown in meters above sea level
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