Abstract
“HAPA” stands for High-Authority Piezoelectric Actuator, which describes high-performance piezoelectric actuators of large stroke and blocking force. “HAPAs” are made possible by high-bending-stiffness connectors that connect multiple units of piezoceramic stacks into a 2-level actuation structure. Present HAPA actuators are fitted with commercial piezoceramic stacks. For instance, a “HAPA-(2+2)” comprises 4 lead zirconate titanate (PZT) stacks, 2 in the upper level with displacement projecting upward and 2 in the lower level with displacement projecting downward. They not only double the axial displacement of individual stacks with only fractional increase in device length but also are of 1.5 to 3 larger blocking force depending on the actual design. “FTA” stands for Flextensional Actuator, in which the horizontal extensional displacement of PZT stacks is amplified to yield much larger contractional vertical displacement via a diamond-shaped elastic frame structure. A range of new FTAs has been developed by us using single or multiple units of PZT stacks, of which the performances are described in this work. “HD-FTA” stands for HAPA-Driven Flextensional Actuator, in which HAPA piezoelectric actuators are used as the motor section to drive diamond-shaped elastic members of various designs for further displacement amplification. Several HD-FTAs, driven by a HAPA-(2+2) actuator, have been developed. Compared with standard FTAs of comparable stroke, HD-FTAs display a higher working load but of smaller overall length. “HAPA”, “FTA”, and “HD-FTA” piezoelectric actuators find applications when a smaller actuator length is advantageous in addition to the required moderate-to-large displacement and working load.
Highlights
Piezoelectric stack actuators, made by bonding tens to hundreds of thin thickness -poled piezoceramic plates into a bar -like construction, are extensively used today in micro- / nanopositioning and motion control in precision instrument and machinery
For the High-Authority Piezoeletric Actuator (HAPA) actuators described in this work, the high -bendingstiffness connector (HBSC) is made of an aluminum alloy (AA6061) and the piezoceramic stacks used are NEC-Tokin stack actuator
It has nearly twice the axial displacement of individual stacks which make up the HAPA and 1.5 to 3 the blocking force depending on its actual construction
Summary
Piezoelectric stack actuators, made by bonding tens to hundreds of thin thickness -poled piezoceramic plates into a bar -like construction, are extensively used today in micro- / nanopositioning and motion control in precision instrument and machinery They are of large blocking force but limited axial displacement, of > 500N and a few to tens of μm respectively [1]. [ 9] for a detailed description on the performance evaluation of HAPA actuators) As shown, it has nearly twice the axial displacement of individual stacks which make up the HAPA and 1.5 to 3 the blocking force depending on its actual construction. A HAPA-(2+2) actuator measures about 25 mm in diameter and 60 mm in length including specially designed end-caps It has a stroke of about 85 μm and 1700 N in blocking force @150V. As will be shown below, HAPA driven flextensional actuators (HD-FTA) of various designs have been successful developed in the present work
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