Abstract
Traditional golden red glasses were based on K2O-PbO-SiO2 composition system. In this paper, we reported new golden red glasses based on Na2O-CaO-SiO2 system without SnO2 and PbO in them. By using a spectrophotometer and chromamter color difference meter, it was found that the new glasses had similar optical properties to the traditional ones. The diameter of the gold particles in new glasses is around 40 nm determined by scanning electron microscope. The surface plasmon resonance created by the absorption of visible light emits golden red color. The benefits of using new golden red sodium calcium silicate glasses are the reductions of gold amount, cost and lead pollution to the environment.
Highlights
Tammannn and Schrader (1929) studied systematically how gold composition in glasses modified the colors of glasses in 1920s
Gold ions were introduced in the glass, gold ions reduced to atomic gold, through the nucleation process the gold crystals grew to a certain size
When visible light is incident on the gold particles a group of electrons resonantly oscillates on the surfaces of gold particles at a certain frequency, i.e. a certain incident wavelength of light was absorbed by electrons in the gold particles, those oscillating electrons so called surface plasmons, emitted light at the same frequency of the color
Summary
Tammannn and Schrader (1929) studied systematically how gold composition in glasses modified the colors of glasses in 1920s. Tammannn and Schrader (1929) found out the colors of the glasses were correlated to the sizes of the gold particles. K2O-PbO-SiO2 system was used for the basic composition of the golden red glasses (Weyl, 1999; Rooksby, 1932; Scholes, 1974; Morey, 1954). Gold was easier to be nucleated during heating in PbO contained golden red K2O-PbO-SiO2 system glasses. Volf (1984) reported red color was obtained by adding only 0.01 to 0.02% gold in glasses. The gold content in high lead contained golden red glasses could reach 0.1% reported by Rooksby (1932)
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