Abstract
The new generation of smart highway (NGSH) has become an irresistible global trend to improve transport efficiency and safety. The exploration of the features and framework for NGSH can guide us to upgrade the current highway system. This paper summarizes the fundamental features of the NGSH from the perspective of the interactive evolution of automobile industry and road transport. In line with the popularity of automated and connected vehicles, the primary technical features of the NGSH are proposed as (I) complete elements sensing, (II) cyber-physical systems, (III) cooperative vehicle-infrastructure applications, and (IV) 5th generation mobile communication technology. The corresponding physical framework and data flow are introduced, in which three data attributes (data accuracy, dimensionality, and freshness) are highlighted to describe the data requirements for various scenarios. The development path of the NGSH is further discussed in terms of the different vehicle automation levels. The characteristics of five levels of NGSH are identified from R1 to R5. Different combinations of NGSH level and vehicle automation level lead to distinct system functions. Several urgent problems in the current stage are pointed out in terms of system compatibility, standard specification, and information security. This paper provides new insights for sustainable and reproducible highway reformation, drawing some implications for NGSH design.
Highlights
Highway is a fundamental component of the road transport system, which connects major cities along its route crossing all provinces and reaching most of their capital cities [1]
With the rapid growth of highway’s coverage, how to use advanced sensing, computing, and communication technologies to improve its service capability has been a pivotal issue for the generation of smart highway (NGSH)
As a new type of technical form of the road transport, the next generation of smart highway (NGSH) will become a reliable measure to solve traffic congestion and road crashes. e clarity of its fundamental architecture can effectively guide the design of the NGSH and serve as a complement to the current transportation system. e remainder of this paper is organized as follows: section 2 presents the interactive development between the automobile industry and road transport, which derives the connotation of the NGSH; section 3 elaborates the corresponding technical framework from the perspectives of physical architecture and data attributes; section 4 describes its development path and defines different levels of the NGSH; conclusion part presents the findings of this study
Summary
Highway is a fundamental component of the road transport system, which connects major cities along its route crossing all provinces and reaching most of their capital cities [1]. In the early 21st century, the Smart Highway project in Virginia was an important milestone for intelligent transportation system in America It integrated multiple technologies such as facility performance monitoring, energy recovery, and automated driving to create. China built multiple smart highways for automated/ semiautomated driving and cooperative vehicle-infrastructure systems (CVIS). Hunan builds 113 kilometers of “5G +” smart highway to achieve precise sensing of each section of the road and each vehicle to create a dynamic digital high-definition map for L3-L5 automated driving [20]. Is program can significantly improve traffic efficiency and safety for fully connected automated vehicles, but the testing can only be applied at the designated training ground in the current stage instead of open environment. As a new type of technical form of the road transport, the NGSH will become a reliable measure to solve traffic congestion and road crashes. e clarity of its fundamental architecture can effectively guide the design of the NGSH and serve as a complement to the current transportation system. e remainder of this paper is organized as follows: section 2 presents the interactive development between the automobile industry and road transport, which derives the connotation of the NGSH; section 3 elaborates the corresponding technical framework from the perspectives of physical architecture and data attributes; section 4 describes its development path and defines different levels of the NGSH; conclusion part presents the findings of this study
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